Species

Phycodes palmatus (Hall, 1852)

Taxon description

Stachacz, 2016

Description. Hypichnial or endichnial, horizontal initial stem subdivided into 3–5 smooth, cylindrical branches diverging from the same point. The common stem is 20–30 mm wide; the diverging branches are 10–15 mm wide and 10–25 cm long.

Knaust, 2004

Horizontal hypichnial burrow system at the interface of a fine-grained sandstone and claystone with a slightly curved stem, 12mm in diameter, from which four gently curved and closely spaced burrows branch out.The distal parts of the branches are not preserved. Their oval cross-sections probably result from compaction. Burrow diameter is 8–10mm in the horizontal and 3–5mm in the vertical axis.

Mángano et al., 2002a

Horizontal branching system, consisting of a few branches developed from a single proximal tunnel and arranged in a digitate pattern. Branches taper laterally. Diameter of individual branches is highly variable. Tunnel fill similar to host rock. Trace diameter 5.3-8.1 mm. Lenght of structure 66.4mm. Preserved as positive hyporelief.

Synonymy list
1852     Buthotrephis palmata — Hall , pp. 20, fig. 3.1, 7.1.
1985     Phycodes (Buthrolepis) palmatum Hall, 1852 — Crimes & Anderson , pp. 330, fig. 6.15-6.17
1986     Buthotrephis palmata Hall, 1852 — Clausen & Vilhjalmsson , pp. 53, fig. 7:1a,b, text fig. 3
1989     Phycodes palmatum (Hall, 1852) — Orłowski , pp. 220, fig. 16:2
1990     Phycodes palmatus (Hall, 1852) — Fillion and Pickerill , pp. 47, fig. 11:11, 14
1994     Phycodes palmatus Hall, 1852 — Han & Pickerill , fig. 5:12
1997     Phycodes palmatus Hall, 1852 — Chlupac , pp. 79, fig. 3:1,3-6; text figs 5,6
1997     Phycodes palmatus (Hall, 1852) — Jensen , pp. 78, fig. 40B?, 50, 5 l B
1998     Phycodes palmatus (Hall, 1852) — Stanley & Pickerill , pp. 23, fig. 10:3
1999     Phycodes palmatum (Hall, 1852) — Mizerski et al. , pp. 359, fig. 1.4
Selection of related publications
Knaust, D. 2004. Cambro-Ordovician trace fossils from the SW-Norwegian Caledonides. Geological Journal 39, 1, 1-24. DOI:10.1002/gj.941
Jensen, S., Grant, S. W. F. 1998. Trace fossils from the Dividalen Group, northern Sweden: implications for Early Cambrian biostratigraphy of Baltica. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 78, 4, 305-317.
Jensen, S. 1997. Trace fossils from the Lower Cambrian Mickwitzia sandstone, south-central Sweden. Fossils and Strata 42, 1-110.
Clausen, C. K., Vilhjálmsson, M. 1986. Substrate control of lower Cambrian trace fossils from Bornholm, Denmark. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 56, 1-2, 51-68. Elsevier BV. DOI:10.1016/0031-0182(86)90107-0
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Classification
Organism groupBiota
Ichnofossil groupIchnofossils
Bioturbation trace fossils
FamilyArthrophycidae
GenusPhycodes
Speciesauduni
bilix
bromleyi
canelensis
circinatum
curvipalmatum
dentatus
flabellum
foliosus
fusiforme
gregarius
noha
palmatus
parallelum
rarus
reniforme
templus
triadicum
ungulatus
wabanensis
yichangensis
Phycodes? antecedens
References based on distribution