Wisshak et al., 2019a
Macroboring; substrate calcareous; tracemaker invertebrate
Knaust et al., 2023a
Diagnosis. Single-entrance, cylindrical, unbranched borings in hard substrates, having a circular cross-section throughout length. The axes of the borings may be straight, curved or irregular (after Bromley & D’Alessandro 1987; modified by Neumann et al. 2008).
Buatois et al., 2017
Category of architectural design: 2.59. Cylindrical vertical to oblique borings.
Knaust, 2012a
Unbranched, cylindrical
Bhattacharaya & Banerjee, 2014
Diagnosis.—Included in Trypanites are simple unbranched vertical to sinuous borings with a single opening to the surface; with or without a flared entrance. Circular in cross section; generally isodiametric throughout the entire length but may terminate in a small cupulate chamber.
Blissett & Pickerill, 2007
Diagnosis– (Modified after Bromley & D’Alessandro, 1987, p. 403.) Single entrance, cylindrical or sub-cylindrical, unbranched boring in lithic or biogenic substrates having circular cross-section throughout length. The axes of the boring may be straight, curved or irregular.
Taylor & Wilson, 2003
Remark: Cylindrical, unbranched boring; length up to 50 times width. Some Ordovician examples described by Kobluk and Nemcsok (1982) contain scolecodonts suggesting that the borings were made by polychaete worms.
- Vinn & Wilson, 2010b Undva cliff Jaani Stage
- Vinn & Wilson, 2010a Abula cliff Jaagarahu Stage
- Vinn, 2005b Lava River, Leningrad Oblast Volkhov Stage
- Vinn, 2005a Volkhov River outcrops Volkhov Stage
- Wyse Jackson & Key, 2007 Kohtla opencast Kukruse Stage
- Wyse Jackson & Key, 2007 Ristna cliff Keila Stage
- Wyse Jackson & Key, 2007 Pakri Cape Cliff Uhaku Stage
- Cole & Palmer, 1999 Torr Works Quarry, England
- Knaust et al., 2023a Gleisberg, west slope Anisian
- Neumann et al., 2008 Stevns klint, Denmark Maastrichtian
- Toom et al., 2023 Sutlema quarry Katian
- Toom et al., 2023b Äiamaa borehole Katian
- Matysik et al., 2022 Zelatowa Quarry Anisian
- Knaust et al., 2023a Keila River, upstream of the waterfall Lasnamägi Stage
- Knaust et al., 2023a Putilovo quarry, Leningrad Oblast Dapingian
- Knaust et al., 2023a Keila River, upstream of the waterfall Lasnamägi Stage
- Knaust et al., 2023a Pakri LNG terminal outcrop Darriwilian
- Knaust et al., 2023a Ohesaare cliff Ohesaare Stage
- Knaust et al., 2023a Väike-Pakri Island
- Knaust et al., 2023a Babino quarry Leningrad district
- Knaust et al., 2023b Lahepere clint
- Knaust et al., 2023a Syass River, outcrop 9 Volkhov Stage
- Knaust et al., 2023a Pakri Väikeküla outcrop
- Knaust et al., 2023a Mouth of the Lynna River Volkhov Stage
- Knaust et al., 2023a Ülemiste 29 borehole
- Knaust et al., 2023a Sõjamägi
- Knaust et al., 2023a Alliku quarry, Harjumaa
- Knaust et al., 2023a Vasalemma quarry
- Knaust et al., 2023a Mõdriku 39 borehole (Rakvere)
- Knaust et al., 2023a Nabala
- Knaust et al., 2023a Aulepa quarry
- Knaust et al., 2023a Saxby shore Vormsi Stage
- Knaust et al., 2023a Hosholm shore Pirgu Stage
- Knaust et al., 2023a Sarve harbour
- Knaust et al., 2023a Reinu Quarry
- Knaust et al., 2023a Valgu outcrop Adavere Stage
- Knaust et al., 2023a Suuriku cliff
- Knaust et al., 2023a Sepise outcrop
- Knaust et al., 2023a Kaugatuma-Lõo outcrop (ripple-mark coast)
- Knaust et al., 2023a Syass River, Rebrovo, Leningrad District Volkhov Stage