Class
Conodonta Eichenberg, 1930
Conodonts
Selection of related publications
Paiste, T., Männik, P., Meidla, T. 2023. Emended Sandbian (Ordovician) conodont biostratigraphy in Baltoscandia and a new species of Amorphognathus. Geological Magazine 160, 3, 411-427. DOI:10.1017/S0016756822001005
Männik, P., Nõlvak, J. 2023. Boundary between the Porkuni and Juuru regional stages in the Neitla section, Estonia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 72, 1, 66-69. DOI:10.3176/earth.2023.52
Paiste, T., Männik, P., Meidla, T. 2022. Sandbian (Late Ordovician) conodonts in Estonia: distribution and biostratigraphy. GFF 1-15. DOI:10.1080/11035897.2021.2020333
Rasmussen, J. A., Eriksson, M. E., Lindskog, A. 2021. Middle Ordovician Drepanoistodus (Vertebrata, Conodonta) from Baltica, with description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 774, 106–134. DOI:10.5852/ejt.2021.774.1533
Paiste, T., Männik, P., Nõlvak, J., Meidla, T. 2020. The lower boundary of the Haljala Regional Stage (Sandbian, Upper Ordovician) in Estonia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 69, 2, 76-90. DOI:10.3176/earth.2020.05
Kleppe, K. S., Nakerm, H. A., Stouge, S. 2018. Cambrian (Series 3 – Furongian) conodonts from the Alum Shale Formation at Slemmestad, Oslo Region, Norway. Norwegian Journal of Geology 98, 1, 41-53. Geological Society of Norway. DOI:10.17850/njg98-1-04
Wu, R.-C., Calner, M., Lehnert, O., Lindskog, A., Joachimski, M. 2018. Conodont biostratigraphy and carbon isotope stratigraphy of the Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian) Komstad Limestone, southern Sweden. GFF 140, 1, 44-54. DOI:10.1080/11035897.2018.1435561
Walasek, N., Loydell, D. K., Frýda, J., Männik, P., Loveridge, R. F. 2018. Integrated graptolite-conodont biostratigraphy and organic carbon chemostratigraphy of the Llandovery of Kallholn quarry, Dalarna, Sweden. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 508, 1-16. Elsevier BV. DOI:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.08.003
Männik, P. 2017. Conodont biostratigraphy of the Oandu Stage (Katian, Upper Ordovician) in NE Estonia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 66, 1, 1-12. DOI:10.3176/earth.2017.02
Jarochowska, E., Viira, V., Einasto, R., Nawrot, R., Bremer, O., Männik, P., Munnecke, A. 2017. Conodonts in Silurian hypersaline environments: Specialized and unexpectedly diverse. Geology 45, 1, 3-6. DOI:10.1130/G38492.1
Männik, P., Tinn, O., Loydell, D. K., Ainsaar, L. 2016. Age of the Kalana Lagerstätte, early Silurian, Estonia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 65, 2, 105-114. DOI:10.3176/earth.2016.10
Jarochowska, E., Munnecke, A., Frisch, K., Ray, D. C., Castagner, A. 2016. Faunal and facies changes through the mid Homerian (late Wenlock, Silurian) positive carbon isotope excursion in Podolia, western Ukraine. Lethaia 49, 2, 170-198. DOI:10.1111/let.12137
Jarochowska, E., Munnecke, A. 2016. Late Wenlock carbon isotope excursions and associated conodont fauna in the Podlasie Depression, eastern Poland: a not-so-big crisis?. Geological Journal 51, 5, 683-703. DOI:10.1002/gj.2674
Jarochowska, E., Hierl, F., Vinn, O., Munnecke, A. 2016. Reducing taxonomic noise in problematic fossils: revision of the incertae sedis genus Allonema based on shape analysis. Bulletin of Geosciences 91, 1, 97-110. DOI:10.3140/bull.geosci.1588
Danukalova, M. K., Tolmacheva, T. Yu., Männik, P., Suyarkova, A. A., Kul'kov, N. P., Kuzmichev, A. B., Melnikova, L. M. 2015. New Data on the Stratigraphy of the Ordovician and Silurian of the Central Region of Kotelnyi Island (New Siberian Islands) and Correlation with the Synchronous Successions of the Eastern Arctic. Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation 23, 5, 468-494. DOI:10.1134/S0869593815050032
Männik, P., Loydell, D. K., Nestor, V., Nõlvak, J. 2015. Integrated Upper Ordovician–lower Silurian biostratigraphy of the Grötlingbo-1 core section, Sweden. GFF 137, 3, 226-244. DOI:10.1080/11035897.2015.1042032
Bagnoli, G., Stouge, S. 2014. Upper Furongian (Cambrian) conodonts from the Degerhamn quarry road section, southern Öland, Sweden. GFF 136, 3, 436-458. DOI:10.1080/11035897.2013.858768
Kröger, B., Hints, L., Lehnert, O., Post, T. 2014. Stop A2: Vasalemma (Nordkalk) quarry. 4th Annual Meeting of IGCP 591, Estonia, 10-19 June 2014. Abstracts and Field Guide, pp. 138-144. University of Tartu.
Ferretti, A., Bergström, S. M., Barnes, C. 2014. Katian (Upper Ordovician) conodonts from Wales. Palaeontology 57, 4, 801-831. DOI:10.1111/pala.12089
Männik, P., Viira, V. 2012. Ordovician conodont diversity in the northern Baltic. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 61, 1, 1-14. Estonian Academy Publishers. DOI:10.3176/earth.2012.1.01
Kaljo, D., Männik, P., Martma, T., Nõlvak, J. 2012. More about the Ordovician-Silurian transition beds at Mirny Creek, Omulev Mountains, NE Russia: carbon isotopes and conodonts. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 61, 4, 277-294. DOI:10.3176/earth.2012.4.07
Hints, O., Viira, V., Nõlvak, J. 2012. Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician) conodont biostratigraphy in NW Estonia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 61, 4, 210-226. DOI:10.3176/earth.2012.4.03
Viira, V. 2011. Lower and Middle Ordovician conodonts from subsurface of SE Estonia and adjacent Russia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 60, 1, 1-21. DOI:10.3176/earth.2011.1.01
Männik, P., Loydell, D. K., Lubeseder, S. 2011. Sheinwoodian (Silurian) conodonts and graptolites from NE Anti-Atlas, Morocco. Lethaia 44, 4, 410-416. DOI:10.1111/j.1502-3931.2010.00249.x
Beznosova, T. M., Maidľ, T. V., Männik, P., Martma, T. 2011. The Ordovician-Silurian Boundary on the Western Slope of the Subpolar Urals. Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation 19, 4, 385-403. DOI:10.1134/S0869593811030026
Loydell, D. K., Nestor, V., Männik, P. 2010. Integrated biostratigraphy of the lower Silurian of the Kolka-54 core, Latvia. Geological Magazine 147, 2, 253-280. DOI:10.1017/S0016756809990574
Munnecke, A., Männik, P. 2009. New biostratigraphic and chemostratigraphic data from the Chicotte Formation (Llandovery, Anticosti Island, Laurentia) compared with the Viki core (Estonia, Baltica). Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 58, 3, 159-169. DOI:10.3176/earth.2009.3.01
Männik, P., Bogolepova, O. K., Põldvere, A., Gubanov, A. P. 2009. New data on Ordovician–Silurian conodonts and stratigraphy from the Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago, Russian Arctic. Geological Magazine 146, 4, 497-516. DOI:10.1017/S0016756809006372
Calner, M., Eriksson, M. E., Clarkson, E. N., Jeppsson, L. 2008. An atypical intra-platform environment and biota from the Silurian of Gotland, Sweden. GFF 130, 2, 79-86. DOI:10.1080/11035890801302079
Männik, P. 2008. Conodont dating of some Telychian (Silurian) sections in Estonia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 57, 3, 156-169. DOI:10.3176/earth.2008.3.04
Kaljo, D., Hints, L., Männik, P., Nõlvak, J. 2008. The succession of Hirnantian events based on data from Baltica: brachiopods, chitinozoans, conodonts, and carbon isotopes. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 57, 4, 197-218. DOI:10.3176/earth.2008.4.01
Viira, V. 2008. Conodont biostratigraphy in the Middle-Upper Ordovician boundary beds of Estonia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 57, 1, 23-38.
Löfgren, A., Tolmacheva, T. 2008. Morphology, evolution and stratigraphic distribution in the Middle Ordovician conodont genus Microzarkodina. Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 99, 1, 27-48. DOI:10.1017/S1755691008007056
Männik, P. 2007. Some comments on the Telychian-early Sheinwoodian conodont faunas, events and stratigraphy. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 46, 305-310.
Männik, P. 2007. Recent developments in the Upper Ordovician and lower Silurian conodont biostratigraphy in Estonia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 56, 1, 35-46.
Männik, P. 2007. An updated Telychian (Late Llandovery, Silurian) conodont zonation based on Baltic faunas. Lethaia 40, 1, 45-60. DOI:10.1111/j.1502-3931.2006.00005.x
Löfgren, A. 2006. An Oistodus venustus-like conodont species from the Middle Ordovician of Baltoscandia. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 80, 1, 12-21. DOI:10.1007/BF02988394
Hints, O., Killing, M., Männik, P., Nestor, V. 2006. Frequency patterns of chitinozoans, scolecodonts, and conodonts in the upper Llandovery and lower Wenlock of the Paatsalu core, western Estonia. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 55, 2, 128-155. DOI:10.3176/GEOL.2006.2.04
Viira, V., Mens, K., Nemliher, J. 2006. Lower Ordovician Leetse Formation in the North Estonian Klint area. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 55, 2, 156-174. DOI:10.3176/geol.2006.2.05
Viira, V., Aldridge, R. J., Curtis, S. 2006. Conodonts of the Kiviõli Member, Viivikonna Formation (Upper Ordovician) in the Kohtla section, Estonia. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 55, 3, 213-240. DOI:10.3176/geol.2006.3.02
Löfgren, A., Viira, V., Mens, K. 2005. Conodont biostratigraphy and sedimentary history in the upper Tremadoc at Uuga, Cape Pakri, NW Estonia. GFF 127, 4, 283-293. DOI:10.1080/11035890501274283
Tolmacheva, T., Egerquist, E., Meidla, T., Tinn, O., Holmer, L. 2003. Faunal composition and dynamics in unconsolidated sediments: a case study from the Middle Ordovician of the East Baltic. Geological Magazine 140, 1, 31-44. DOI:10.1017/S001675680200701X
Viira, V., Einasto, R. 2003. Wenlock-Ludlow boundary beds and conodonts of Saaremaa Island, Estonia. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 52, 4, 213-238. DOI:10.3176/geol.2003.4.03
Calner, M., Jeppsson, L. 2003. Carbonate platform evolution and conodont stratigraphy during the middle Silurian Mulde Event, Gotland, Sweden. Geological Magazine 140, 2, 173-203. DOI:10.1017/S0016756802007070
Loydell, D. K., Männik, P., Nestor, V. 2003. Integrated biostratigraphy of the lower Silurian of the Aizpute-41 core, Latvia. Geological Magazine 140, 2, 205-229. DOI:10.1017/S0016756802007264
Löfgren, A., Zhang, Jianhua 2003. Element association and morphology in some Middle Ordovician platform-equipped conodonts. Journal of Paleontology 77, 4, 721-737. DOI:10.1017/S0022336000044450
Sjöstrand, L. L. M. 2003. Early to early Middle Ordovician conodont biostratigraphy of the Tamsalu drill core, central Estonia. Examensarbeite i geologi vid Lunds Universitet 156, 1-20. Lunds Universitet.
Heinsalu, H., Kaljo, D., Kurvits, T., Viira, V. 2003. The stratotype of the Orasoja Member (Tremadocian, Northeast Estonia): lithology, mineralogy, and biostratigraphy. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 52, 3, 135-154. DOI:10.3176/geol.2003.3.02
Männik, P. 2002. Conodonts in the Silurian of Severnaya Zemlya and Sedov archipelagos (Russia), with special reference to the genus Ozarkodina Branson & Mehl, 1933. Geodiversitas 24, 1, 77-97.
Pyle, L. J., Barnes, C. R. 2002. Taxonomy, Evolution, and Biostratigraphy of Conodonts from the Kechika Formation, Skoki Formation, and Road River Group (Upper Cambrian to Lower Silurian), Northeastern British Columbia. pp. 1-169. NRC Research Press. DOI:10.1139/9780660185217
Viira, V., Löfgren, A., Mägi, S., Wickström, J. 2001. An Early to Middle Ordovician succession of conodont faunas at Mäekalda, northern Estonia. Geological Magazine 138, 6, 699-718. DOI:10.1017/S0016756801005945
Rasmussen, J. A. 2001. Conodont biostratigraphy and taxonomy of the Ordovician shelf margin deposits in the Scandinavian Caledonides. Fossils and Strata 48, 1-180.
Viira, V. 2000. Latest Silurian (Ohesaare Stage) conodonts and the detorta Zone in the northern East Baltic. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 49, 1, 44-62. DOI:10.3176/geol.2000.1.04
Löfgren, A. 2000. Early to early Middle Ordovician conodont biostratigraphy of the Gillberga quarry, northern Öland, Sweden. GFF 122, 4, 321-338. DOI:10.1080/11035890001224321
Viira, V. 1999. Late Silurian conodont biostratigraphy in the northern East Baltic. Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana 37, 2-3, 299-310.
Löfgren, A. 1999. The Ordovician conodont Semiacontiodus cornuformis (Sergeeva, 1963) and related species in Baltoscandia. Geologica et Palaeontologica 33, 71-91.
Miller, C. G., Märss, T. 1999. A conodont, thelodont and acanthodian fauna from the Lower Pridoli (Silurian) of the Much Wenlock area, Shropshire. Palaeontology 42, 4, 691-714. DOI:10.1111/1475-4983.00093
Nicoll, R. S., Miller, J. F., Nowlan, G. S., Repetski, J. E., Ethington, R. L. 1999. Iapetonudus (N. gen.) and Iapetognathus Landing, Unusual Earliest Ordovician multielement conodont taxa and their utility for biostratigraphy. Brigham Young University Geology Studies 44, 1-79.
Löfgren, A., Repetski, J. E., Ethington, R. L. 1999. Some trans-Iapetus conodont faunal connections in the Tremadocian. Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana 37, 2-3, 159-173.
Männik, P. 1998. Evolution and taxonomy of the Silurian conodont Pterospathodus. Palaeontology 41, 5, 1001-1050.
Löfgren, A. 1998. Apparatus structure of the Ordovician conodont Decoriconus peselephantis (Lindström 1955). Paläontologische Zeitschrift 72, 3/4, 337-350. DOI:10.1007/BF02988364
Viira, V., Aldridge, R. J. 1998. Upper Wenlock to Lower Pridoli (Silurian) conodont biostratigrphy of Saaremaa, Estonia, and a correlation with Britain. Journal of Micropalaeontology 17, 1, 33-50. DOI:10.1144/jm.17.1.33
Szaniawski, H., Bengtson, S. 1998. Late Cambrian euconodonts from Sweden. Palaeontologia Polonica 58, 7-29.
Valiukevičius, J. 1998. Acanthodians and zonal stratigraphy of Lower and Middle Devonian in East Baltic and Byelorussia. Palaeontographica A-248, 1-53.
Mens, K., Heinsalu, H., Jegonjan, K., Kurvits, T., Puura, I., Viira, V. 1996. Cambrian-Ordovician boundary beds in the Pakri Cape section, NW Estonia. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 45, 1, 9-21. DOI:10.3176/geol.1996.1.02
Jeppsson, L., Viira, V., Männik, P. 1994. Silurian conodont-based correlations between Gotland (Sweden) and Saaremaa (Estonia). Geological Magazine 131, 2, 201-218. DOI:10.1017/S0016756800010736
Viira, V. 1994. A new Upper Silurian conodont species from Estonia. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 43, 1, 32-37. DOI:10.3176/geol.1994.1.03
Männik, P. 1994. Conodonts from the Pusku quarry, Lower Llandovery, Estonia. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 43, 4, 183-191. DOI:10.3176/geol.1994.4.03
Männik, P. 1992. A new conodont from the Lower Llandovery of Estonia. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 41, 1, 23-28. DOI:10.3176/geol.1992.1.03
Männik, P. 1992. Taxonomy of conodont species Ozarkodina polinclinata (Nicoll et Rexroad) in the Silurian of Estonia. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 41, 2, 54-62. DOI:10.3176/geol.1992.2.02
Heinsalu, H., Viira, V., Paalits, I. 1991. Cambrian-Ordovician boundary beds in the Saka II section, North-East Estonia. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 40, 1, 8-15. DOI:10.3176/geol.1991.1.02
Männik, P., Viira, V. 1990. Conodonts. Field Meeting Estonia 1990. An Excursion Guidebook. Eds: Kaljo, D. & Nestor, H., pp. 84-90. Estonian Academy of Sciences.
Mens, K., Viira, V., Paalits, I., Puura, I. 1989. Cambrian-Ordovician boundary beds at Mäekalda, Tallinn, North Estonia. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Геология 38, 3, 101-111. DOI:10.3176/geol.1989.3.02
Kaljo, D., Heinsalu, H., Mens, K., Puura, I., Viira, V. 1988. Cambrian-Ordovician Boundary beds at Tõnismägi, Tallinn, North Estonia. Geological Magazine 125, 4, 457-463. DOI:10.1017/S001675680001308X
Viira, V., Sergeyeva, L., Popov, L. 1987. Earliest representatives of the genus Cordylodus (Conodonta) from Cambro-Ordovician boundary beds of North Estonia and Leningrad Region. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Геология 36, 4, 145-153. DOI:10.3176/geol.1987.4.01
Heinsalu, H., Viira, V., Mens, K., Oja, T., Puura, I. 1987. The section of the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary beds in Ülgase, northern Estonia. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Геология 36, 4, 154-165. DOI:10.3176/geol.1987.4.02
Kaljo, D., Borovko, N., Heinsalu, H., Khazanovich, K., Mens, K., Popov, L., Sergejeva, S., Sobolevskaya, R., Viira, V. 1986. The Cambrian-Ordovician boundary in the Baltic-Ladoga clint area (North Estonia and Leningrad Region, USSR). Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Геология 35, 3, 97-108. DOI:10.3176/geol.1986.3.01
Viira, V. 1983. Upper Silurian Spathognathodus (Conodonts) from Estonia. Lower Paleozoic paleontology of Baltics and Podolia, pp. 41-71. Eesti NSV TA Geoloogia Instituut.
Viira, V. 1982. Shallow-water conodont Ctenognathodus murchisoni (Late Wenlock, Estonia). Communities and biozones in the Baltic Silurian Communities and biozones in the Baltic Silurian, pp. 63-83. Valgus.
Viira, V. 1981. Konodonty. Report on stratigraphical scheme of the Upper Silurian Deposits in Vaygach and Southern Novaya Zemlya Region, pp. 174-188. VNII Okeangeolgia.
Löfgren, A. 1978. Arenigian and Llanvirnian cocodonts from Jämtland, northern Sweden. Fossils and Strata 13, 1-129.
Viira, V. 1975. A new species of Spathognathodus from the Jaani Stage of the East Baltic. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 24, 3, 233-236. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1975.3.09
Viira, V. 1972. On Symmetry of Some Middle Ordovician Conodonts. Geologica et Palaeontologica 6, 45-49.
Viira, V. 1970. Conodonts of the Varangu Member (Estonian Upper Tremadoc). Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 19, 3, 224-233. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1970.3.09
Viira, V. 1967. Ordovician conodont succession in the Ohesaare core. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 16, 4, 319-329. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1967.4.06
Fåhraeus, L. E. 1966. Lower Viruan (Middle Ordovician) conodonts from the Gullhögen quarry, southern central Sweden. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning 610, 1-40.
Sergeeva, S. P. 1963. Lower Ordovician conodonts from the Leningrad region. Paleontologicheski Zhurnal 2, 93-108.
Lindström, M. 1955. The conodonts described by A. R. Hadding, 1913. Journal of Paleontology 29, 1, 105-111.
List of species
2. Acodus deltatus Lindström, 1954 | Hunneberg Stage
3. Acodus firmus Viira, 1970 | Pakerort Stage
4. Acontiodus latus Pander, 1856 | Latorp Superstage
6. Amorphognathus complicatus Rhodes, 1953 | Rakvere Stage
7. Amorphognathus duftonus Rhodes, 1955 | Katian
8. Amorphognathus inaequalis Rhodes, 1953 | Kukruse Stage
11. Amorphognathus tvaerensis Bergström, 1962 | Kukruse Stage
12. Amorphognathus ventilatus Ferretti et Barnes, 1997 | Oandu Stage
13. Amorphognathus viirae Paiste, Männik et Meidla, 2022 | Sandbian
15. Ansella fenxiangensis (An, Du, Cao, Chen et Lee, 1981) | Ordovician
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Classification
See also