Ichnofossils
Species

Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847

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Taxon description

Fernández & Pazos, 2012

Diagnosis. Smooth-walled, unornamented, straight to sinuous cylindrical burrows, thinly but distinctly lined (Pemberton and Frey, 1982; modified by Frey and Howard, 1985).

Mángano et al., 2002a

Straight to sinuous, horizontal, commonly unbranched, thinly lined to unlined, smooth-walled cylindrical, endichnal burrow. Some specimens display primary or secondary successiv branching. Burrow diametr is 5.1-11.3 mm. Maximum lenght observed is 9.1mm. Burrow-fill is similar to the host rock and massiv. No evidence of burrow collapse has been detected. Preserved as both positive hyporelief and epirelief.

Pemberton & Frey, 1982

Stright to slightly curved, more or less smooth-walled burrows, with thin but conspicuous linings. True branching is comparatively rare and irregular, crossovers, interpenetrations and collapse features are common. Dimensions vary within given specimens, although some segments may be straight and consistently cylindrical for appreciable lengths. Rarer spacimens may be highly curved or meandrous.  Striations may be present locally but rare faint and inconsistently developed. Preserved as endichna or, more commonly as hypichnal ridges or epichnal grooves.

Lima & Netto, 2012

Straight to slightly curved cylindrical to subcylindrical burrows, parallel or slightly inclined to bedding. True branching not observed, only intersections. Burrow margin with discrete lining and without ornamentation. Burrow fill composed of sediment identical to that of the host rock. Burrow diameter varying within the same sample, being 4.55 mm in average. Preservation in positive hyporelief.

Orłowski & Źylińska, 1996

Cylindrical burrows branching dichotomously, varying in shape, unornamented. In cross section they are oval, 2-5 mm in diameter. Convex hyporeliefs.

Synonymy list
1847     Paleophycus tubularis n. sp. — Hall , pp. 7, 8, 63 , fig. 2:1-2,4-5
1975     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Häntzschel , pp. W88-89
1975     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Alpert , pp. 518
1979     Palaeophycus tubulare Hall, 1847 — Hofmann , pp. 38 , fig. 12D-H
1982     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Pemberton & Frey , pp. 856 , fig. 1:1,2,5,6,8,10; 2:1; 3:3,6; 4:5
1984     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Howard & Frey , pp. 206 , fig. 13
1984     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Pickerill et al. , pp. 265 , fig. 6d
1985     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Frey & Howard , pp. 382 , fig. 5.10; 5.12; 5.13; 10.6; 14
1985     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Crimes & Anderson , pp. 327 , fig. 10.3
1986     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Clausen & Vilhjalmsson , pp. 58 , fig. 3A
1989     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Orłowski , pp. 217 , fig. 14:2,3
1989     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Orłowski , pp. 217 , fig. 14:2–3
1990     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Narbonne & Aitken , pp. 972 , fig. 3:6-8
1990     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Fillion & Pickerill , pp. 45 , fig. 11:3, 6–7
1992     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Pickerill , pp. 27 , fig. 4A
1996     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Orłowski & Źylińska , pp. 392 , fig. 4A-B
1996     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Paczesna , pp. 58 , fig. 9.2.
1997     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Jensen , pp. 75 , fig. 47A,C, 48A,C-D, 49
1998     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Stanley & Pickerill , fig. 8:3
1999     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Uchman , pp. 82 , fig. 2:3, 5, 7
2000     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Schlirf , pp. 153 , fig. 1:6-8, text fig, 8
2002     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Mangano et al. , pp. 50 , fig. 42A-D
2003     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Kim & Pickerill , pp. 48 , fig. 4E, F
2004     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Knaust , pp. 15 , fig. 7.1,7.2
2005     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Mángano et al. , pp. 651 , fig. 3.B, 6.B and 7.A
2006     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Lucas et al. , pp. 118 , fig. 3A
2006     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Melchor et al. , pp. 264 , fig. 6F, G
2006     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Gámez Vintaned et al. , pp. 459 , fig. 10:5b
2008     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Mørk & Bromley , pp. 346
2009     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Minter & Lucas , pp. 295 , fig. 3D
2012     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Lima & Netto , pp. 12-13 , fig. 5B
2012     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Stachacz , pp. 111 , fig. 6C
2012     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Hofmann et al. , pp. 937 , fig. 7.5; 7.6
2013     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Rajkonwar et al. , pp. 28 , fig. 4d
2013     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Mikuláš et al. , pp. 394 , fig. 3D
2017     Palaeophycus tubularis — Sedorko et al. , pp. 312 , fig. 3H
2018     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Strachacz et al. , fig. 6G
2018     Palaeophycus tubularis — Dorador et al. , pp. 17 , fig. 3D
2019     Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, 1847 — Gougeon et al. , pp. 18 , fig. 3.5
Selection of related publications
Mikuláš, R., Meškis, S., Ivanov, A., Lukševičs, E., Zupinš, I., Stinkulis, G. 2013. A rich ichnofossil assemblage from the Frasnian (Upper Devonian) deposits at Andoma Hill, Onega Lake, Russia. Bulletin of Geosciences 88, 2, 389-400. DOI:10.3140/bull.geosci.1358
Knaust, D. 2004. Cambro-Ordovician trace fossils from the SW-Norwegian Caledonides. Geological Journal 39, 1, 1-24. DOI:10.1002/gj.941
Orłowski, S., Żylińska, A. 1996. Non-arthropod burrows from the Middle and Late Cambrian of the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 41, 4, 385-409.
Clausen, C. K., Vilhjálmsson, M. 1986. Substrate control of lower Cambrian trace fossils from Bornholm, Denmark. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 56, 1-2, 51-68. Elsevier BV. DOI:10.1016/0031-0182(86)90107-0
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Classification
Organism groupBiota
Ichnofossil groupIchnofossils
Soft-sediment trace fossils
GenusPalaeophycus
Speciesacicula
alternatus
bolbitermilus
crenulatus
ferrovittatus
gracilis
striatus
sulcatus
tubularis
vulgaris
References based on distribution