Subclass
Heterostraci Lankester, 1868
Selection of related publications
Märss, T. 2019. Silurian cyathaspidid heterostracans of Northern Eurasia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 68, 3, 113-146. DOI:10.3176/earth.2019.11
Glinskiy, V. 2018. Phylogenetic relationships of psammosteid heterostracans (Pteraspidiformes), Devonian jawless vertebrates. Biological Communications 62, 4, 219-243. DOI:10.21638/11701/spbu03.2017.402
Glinskiy, V. N., Nilov, S. P. 2017. A new psammosteid (Agnatha, Heterostraci) from the Amata Regional Stage of the Main Devonian Field and morpho-histological types of discrete micromeric elements in the family Psammosteidae. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 66, 2, 59-76. DOI:10.3176/earth.2017.05
Glinskiy, V., Mark-Kurik, E. 2016. Revision of Psammosteus livonicus Obruchev (Agnatha, Heterostraci) from the Devonian Amata Regional Stage of the NW of the East European Platform. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 65, 1, 1-18. DOI:10.3176/earth.2016.02
Dec, M. 2015. A new Tolypelepidid (Agnatha, Heterostraci) from the Late Silurian of Poland. Journal of Paleontology 89, 4, 1-8. DOI:10.1017/jpa.2015.28
Tuuling, T. 2015. A specimen of Psammolepis in the Gauja Formation (Estonia).bakalaureusetöö , pp. 1-31.
Keating, J. N., Marquart, C. L., Donoghue, P. C. J. 2015. Histology of the heterostracan dermal skeleton: Insight into the origin of the vertebrate mineralised skeleton. Journal of Morphology 276, 6, 657-680. DOI:10.1002/jmor.20370
Mark-Kurik, E., Blieck, A., Burrow, C. J., Turner, S. 2013. Early Devonian fishes from coastal De Long Strait, central Chukotka, Arctic Russia. Geodiversitas 35, 3, 545-578. DOI:10.5252/g2013n3a3
Märss, T., Karatajūtė-Talimaa, V. 2009. Late Silurian - Early Devonian tessellated heterostracan Oniscolepis Pander, 1856 from the East Baltic and North Timan. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 58, 1, 43-62. DOI:10.3176/earth.2009.1.05
Lebedev, O. A., Mark-Kurik, E., Karatajūtė-Talimaa, V. N., Lukševičs, E., Ivanov, A. 2009. Bite marks as evidence of predation in early vertebrates. Acta Zoologica 90, Suppl. 1, 344-356. DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6395.2008.00344.x
Lukševics, E., Lebedev, O., Mark-Kurik, E., Karatajūtė-Talimaa, V. 2009. The earliest evidence of host-parasite interactions in vertebrates. Acta Zoologica 90, Suppl. 1, 335-343. DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6395.2008.00362.x
Märss, T., Kleesment, A., Niit, M. 2008. Karksilepis parva gen. et sp. nov. (Chondrichthyes) from the Burtnieki Regional Stage, Middle Devonian of Estonia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 57, 4, 219-230. DOI:10.3176/earth.2008.4.02
Elliott, D. K., Mark-Kurik, E. 2005. A review of the lateral line sensory system in psammosteid heterostracans. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 8, 2, 99-108. DOI:10.4072/rbp.2005.2.02
Novitskaya L. I. 2004. Subclass Heterostraci.Fossil vertebrates of Russia and adjacent countries. Agnathans and early fisches. The reference book for palaeontologists and geologists , pp. 69-207. GEOS.
Upeniece, I. 2001. The unique fossil assemblage from the Lode Quarry (Upper Devonian, Latvia). Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität in Berlin 4, 101-119. DOI:10.5194/fr-4-101-2001
Mark-Kurik, E. 2000. The Middle Devonian fishes of the Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia) and Belarus. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 223, 309-324.
Märss, T. 1997. Vertebrates of the Pridoli and Silurian-Devonian boundary beds in Europe. Modern Geology 21, 1, 17-41.
Karatajūtė-Talimaa, V. 1989. Skalviaspis narbutasi gen. et sp. nov., a New Representative of the Pteraspidida (Heterostraci) from the East Baltic Lower Devonian. Geologija 10, 79-93.
Märss, T. 1986. Silurian Vertebrates of Estonia and West Latvia. Fossilia Baltica 1. Fossilia Baltica 1, 1-104. Valgus.
Novitskaya, L. I. 1986. Drevnejšie besčelûstnye SSSR. Geterostraki: ciataspidy, amfiaspidy, pteraspidy. Transactions of the Paleontological Institute (PIN) 219, 1-160. Nauka.
Karatajūtė-Talimaa, V. N. 1983. Early Devonian heterostracans of Severnaya Zemlya and their importance for correlations.Problemy sovremennoj paleoichtiologii , pp. 22-28. Nauka.
Novitskaya, L. I. 1983. Morphology of the early agnathans. Transactions of the Paleontological Institute (PIN) 196, 1-183.
Märss, T. 1977. The Upper Silurian cyathaspid Archegonaspis from the East Baltic. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 26, 2, 129-133. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1977.2.07
Märss, T. 1977. Structure of Tolypelepis from the Baltic Upper Silurian. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 26, 1, 57-69. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1977.1.09
Mark-Kurik, E., Novitskaya, L. 1977. The Early Devonian fish fauna of Novaya Zemlya. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 26, 2, 143-149. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1977.2.09
Mark-Kurik, E. 1974. Discovery of new Devonian fish localities in the Soviet Arctic. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 23, 4, 332-335. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1974.4.07
Novitskaya, L. I. 1971. Diagnostic evaluation of ornamentation in Agnatha and Pisces. Paleontologicheski Zhurnal 4, 82-96.
Vorobyeva, E. I., Lyarskaya, L. A. 1968. Ostatki kisteperyh i dvoâkodyšaŝih iz amatskih sloev Latvii i ih zahoronenie.Очерки по филогении и систематике ископаемых рыб и бесчелюстных , pp. 71-86. Nauka.
Mark-Kurik, E. 1968. New finds of psammosteids (Heterostraci) in the Devonian of Estonia and Latvia. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 17, 4, 409-424. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1968.4.11
Preobrazhensky, B. V. 1967. The significance of the zonal phenomena in Tabulate coral skeleton. Paleontologicheski Zhurnal 3, 3-8.
Mark-Kurik, E. J. 1966. O nekotoryh povreždeniâh èkzoskeleta psammosteid (Agnatha).The organism and environment in the geological past , pp. 55-60. Nauka.
Halstead Tarlo, L. B. H. 1965. Psammosteiformes (Agnatha) - A review with descriptions of new material from the Lower Devonian of Poland. 2. Systematic part. Palaeontologia Polonica 15, 1-168.
Obruchev, D. V., Mark-Kurik, E. J. (eds) 1965. Devonian psammosteids (Agnatha, Psammosteidae) of the USSR. pp. 1-304. Eesti NSV TA Geoloogia Instituut.
Halstead Tarlo, L. B. H. 1964. Psammosteiformes (Agnatha) - a review with descriptions of new material from the Lower Devonian of Poland. 1. General part.. Palaeontologia Polonica 13, 1-135.
Mark, E. J. 1956. On Genus Pycnosteus (Psammosteidae, Agnatha). ENSV TA Geoloogia Instituudi uurimused I, 74-88.
Obruchev, D. 1943. Yoglinia n. g., poslednij predstavitel' pteraspid iz srednego devona Leningradskoj oblasti. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 41, 1, 36-38.
Gross, W. 1933. Die Fische des baltischen Devons. Palaeontographica 79, 1-2, 1-74. E. Schweizerbart.
Pander, C. H. 1856. Monographie der fossilen Fische des silurischen Systems der Russisch-Baltischen Gouvernements. pp. 1-91. Buchdruckerei der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften.
List of species
3. Corvaspis karatajuteae Tarlo, 1965 | Lochkovian
4. Drepanaspis gemuendenensis Schlüter, 1887 | Lower Devonian
5. Elgaia luhai (Mark-Kurik, 1965) | Aruküla Stage
6. Ganosteus artus Mark-Kurik, 1965 | Aruküla Stage
8. Guerichosteus heterolepis (Preobrazhensky, 1911) | Pärnu Stage
9. Karelosteus weberi Obruchev, 1933 | Plavinas Stage
10. Obruchevia heckeri (Obruchev, 1936) | Frasnian
12. Placosteus alatus (Mark-Kurik, 1965) | Gauja Stage
14. Psammolepis abavica Mark-Kurik, 1965 | Burtnieki Stage
15. Psammolepis aerata Halstead Tarlo, 1965 | Amata Stage
16. Psammolepis heteraster (Gross, 1930) | Gauja Stage
17. Psammolepis paradoxa (Agassiz, 1844) | Gauja Stage
18. Psammolepis toriensis (Mark-Kurik, 1965) | Pärnu Stage
19. Psammolepis venyukovi Obruchev, 1965 | Gauja Stage
20. Psammosteus asper Obruchev, 1965 | Plavinas Stage
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Classification
| Organism group | Biota |
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Subphylum | Vertebrata |
| Superclass | Agnatha |
| Class | Pteraspidomorphi |
| Subclass | Arandaspida |
| Heterostraci | |
| Order | Amphiaspidiformes |
| Corvaspidiformes | |
| Cyathaspidiformes | |
| Eriptychiiformes | |
| Phialaspidiformes | |
| Pteraspidiformes | |
| Tesseraspidiformes | |
| Genus | Lepidaspis |
| Subclass | Thelodonti |