Subfamily

Belonechitininae Paris, 1981

Selection of related publications
Hints, O., Ainsaar, L., Lepland, A., Liiv, M., Männik, P., Meidla, T., Nõlvak, J., Radzevičius, S. 2023. Paired carbon isotope chemostratigraphy across the Ordovician–Silurian boundary in central East Baltic: Regional and global signatures. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 624, 1-17. DOI:10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111640
Nõlvak, J., Liang, Y., Hints, O. 2022. Early and early Middle Ordovician chitinozoans from the Baldone drill core, central Latvia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 71, 1, 25-43. DOI:10.3176/earth.2022.03
Liang, Y., Hints, O., Tang, P., Cai, C., Goldman, D., Nõlvak, J., Tihelka, E., Pang, K., Bernardo, J., Wang, W. 2020. Fossilized reproductive modes reveal a protistan affinity of Chitinozoa. Geology 48, 12, 1200-1204. DOI:10.1130/G47865.1
Nõlvak, J., Liang, Y., Hints, O. 2019. Early diversification of Ordovician chitinozoans on Baltica: New data from the Jägala waterfall section, northern Estonia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 525, 14-24. DOI:10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.04.002
Stouge, S., Bauert, G., Bauert, H., Nõlvak, J., Rasmussen, J. A. 2016. Upper Middle to lower Upper Ordovician chitinozoans and conodonts from the Bliudziai-150 core, southern Lithuania. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 53, 8, 781-787. DOI:10.1139/cjes-2015-0205
Nõlvak, J., Bauert, G. 2015. New biostratigraphically important chitinozoans from the Kukruse Regional Stage, Upper Ordovician of Baltoscandia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 64, 3, 218-224. DOI:10.3176/earth.2015.28
Männik, P., Loydell, D. K., Nestor, V., Nõlvak, J. 2015. Integrated Upper Ordovician–lower Silurian biostratigraphy of the Grötlingbo-1 core section, Sweden. GFF 137, 3, 226-244. DOI:10.1080/11035897.2015.1042032
Bauert, G., Nõlvak, J., Bauert, H. 2014. Chitinozoan biostratigraphy in the Haljala Regional Stage, Upper Ordovician: a high-resolution approach from NE Estonia. GFF 136, 1, 26-29. DOI:10.1080/11035897.2013.857715
Nestor, V. 2011. Chitinozoan biostratigraphy of the Přidoli Series of the East Baltic. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 60, 4, 191-206. DOI:10.3176/earth.2011.4.01
Nõlvak, J. 2010. Distribution of Ordovician chitinozoans. Estonian Geological Sections Bulletin 10, 17-18.
Tammekänd, M., Hints, O., Nõlvak, J. 2010. Chitinozoan dynamics and biostratigraphy in the Väo Formation (Darriwilian) of the Uuga Cliff, Pakri Peninsula, NW Estonia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 59, 1, 25-36. DOI:10.3176/earth.2010.1.02
Loydell, D. K., Nestor, V., Männik, P. 2010. Integrated biostratigraphy of the lower Silurian of the Kolka-54 core, Latvia. Geological Magazine 147, 2, 253-280. DOI:10.1017/S0016756809990574
Grahn, Y., Nõlvak, J. 2010. Swedish Ordovician Chitinozoa and biostratigraphy: a review and new data. Palaeontographica 283, 1-3, 5-71. DOI:10.1127/palb/283/2010/5
Nestor, V. 2009. Biostratigraphy of the Ludlow chitinozoans from East Baltic drill cores. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 58, 3, 170-184. DOI:10.3176/earth.2009.3.02
Kaljo, D., Hints, L., Männik, P., Nõlvak, J. 2008. The succession of Hirnantian events based on data from Baltica: brachiopods, chitinozoans, conodonts, and carbon isotopes. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 57, 4, 197-218. DOI:10.3176/earth.2008.4.01
Rubel, M., Hints, O., Männik, P., Meidla, T., Nestor, V., Sarv, L., Sibul, I. 2007. Lower Silurian biostratigraphy of the Viirelaid core, western Estonia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 56, 4, 193-204. DOI:10.3176/earth.2007.01
Goldman, D., Leslie, S. A., Nõlvak, J., Young, S. 2007. The Black Knob Ridge section, southeastern Oklahoma, USA: The global stratotype-section and point (GSSP) for the base of Katian Stage of the Upper Ordovician series. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 46, Suppl, 144-154.
Nestor, V. 2007. Chitinozoans in the Wenlock-Ludlow boundary beds of the East Baltic. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 56, 2, 109-128.
Grahn, Y., Nõlvak, J. 2007. Remarks on older Ordovician Chitinozoa and biostratigraphy of the Oslo Region, southern Norway. GFF 129, 2, 101-106. DOI:10.1080/11035890701292101
Nõlvak, J., Bauert, G. 2006. Distribution of Ordovician chitinozoans. Estonian Geological Sections Bulletin 7, 9-11. Geological Survey of Estonia.
Nestor, V. 2005. Chitinozoans of the Margachitina margaritana Biozone and the Llandovery-Wenlock boundary in West Estonian drill cores. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 54, 2, 87-111. DOI:10.3176/geol.2005.2.02
Loydell, D. K., Nestor, V. 2005. Integrated graptolite and chitinozoan biostratigraphy of the upper Telychian (Llandovery, Silurian) of the Ventspils D-3 core, Latvia. Geological Magazine 142, 4, 369-376. DOI:10.1017/S0016756805000531
Märss, T. 2003. Distribution of Silurian agnathans and fish microremains. Estonian Geological Sections Bulletin 5, 14-15. Geological Survey of Estonia.
Nõlvak, J. 2003. Distribution of Ordovician chitinozoans. Estonian Geological Sections Bulletin 5, 23-25. Geological Survey of Estonia.
Loydell, D. K., Männik, P., Nestor, V. 2003. Integrated biostratigraphy of the lower Silurian of the Aizpute-41 core, Latvia. Geological Magazine 140, 2, 205-229. DOI:10.1017/S0016756802007264
Nõlvak, J., Meidla, T., Uutela, A. 1995. Microfossils in the Ordovician erratic boulders from Southwestern Finland. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland 67, 2, 3-26. DOI:10.17741/bgsf/67.2.001
Nestor, V. 1994. Early Silurian chitinozoans of Estonia and North Latvia. pp. 1-163. Estonian Academy Publishers.
Nõlvak, J., Grahn, Y. 1993. Ordovician chitinozoan zones from Baltoscandia. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 79, 245-269. DOI:10.1016/0034-6667(93)90025-P
Nestor, V. 1990. Silurian chitinozoans. Field Meeting Estonia 1990. An Excursion Guidebook, pp. 80-83. Estonian Academy of Sciences.
Nõlvak, J. 1990. Ordovician chitinozoans. Field Meeting Estonia 1990. An Excursion Guidebook, pp. 77-79. Estonian Academy of Sciences.
Grahn, Y. 1984. Ordovician chitinozoa from Tallinn, northern Estonia. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 43, 1-3, 5-31. DOI:10.1016/0034-6667(84)90025-3
Nestor, V. 1980. New chitinozoan species from the Lower Llandoverian of Estonia. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Геология 29, 3, 98-107. DOI:10.3176/geol.1980.3.02
Nõlvak, J. 1980. Chitinozoans in biostratigraphy of the northern East Baltic Ashgillian. A preliminary report. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 25, 2, 253-260.
Laufeld, S. 1974. Silurian Chitinozoa from Gotland. Fossils and Strata 5, 1-130.
List of species
2. Belonechitina aspera (Nestor, 1980) | Juuru Stage→Raikküla Stage
3. Belonechitina cactacea (Eisenack, 1937) | Lasnamägi Stage→Vormsi Stage
4. Belonechitina capitata (Eisenack, 1962) | Uhaku Stage→Rakvere Stage
5. Belonechitina comma (Eisenack, 1959) | Uhaku Stage→Nabala Stage
6. Belonechitina crinita (Grahn, 1984) | Kunda Stage→Uhaku Stage
8. Belonechitina granosa (Laufeld, 1974) | Paadla Stage→Kuressaare Stage
13. Belonechitina lauensis (Laufeld, 1974) | Paadla Stage→Kuressaare Stage
14. Belonechitina meifodensis Mullins et Loydell, 2001 | Adavere Stage→Jaani Stage
15. Belonechitina micracantha (Eisenack, 1931) | Lasnamägi Stage→Porkuni Stage
16. Belonechitina oeselensis Nestor, 2005 | Adavere Stage→Jaani Stage
17. Belonechitina pellifera (Eisenack, 1959) | Lasnamägi Stage→Uhaku Stage
19. Belonechitina robusta (Eisenack, 1959) | Haljala Stage→Nabala Stage
20. Belonechitina synclinalis (Eisenack, 1965) | Lasnamägi Stage→Vormsi Stage
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Classification
Organism groupBiota
KingdomAnimalia
ClassChitinozoa
OrderProsomatifera
FamilyConochitinidae
SubfamilyBelonechitininae
GenusAcanthochitina
Belonechitina
Hercochitina
SubfamilyConochitininae
Eremochitininae
Pogonochitininae
Spinachitininae
Tanuchitininae
Velatachitininae