Subphylum

Trilobita Walch, 1771

Trilobites

Selection of related publications
Weidner, T., Nielsen, A. T., Ebbestad, J. O: 2024. A new agnostoid from the Cambrian of Scandinavia Tomagnostella tullbergi n. sp. (Agnostidae) from the middle Cambrian Lejopyge laevigata Zone of Scandinavia. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 73, 193-198. DOI:10.37570/bgsd-2024-73-11
Bicknell, R. D. C., Vargas-Parra, E. E., Landman, N. H., Pärnaste, H. 2024. Evidence for cryptic molting behavior in the trilobite Toxochasmops vormsiensis from the Upper Ordovician Katian Kõrgessaare Formation, Estonia. The Science of Nature 111, 3, DOI:10.1007/s00114-024-01906-8
Kröger, B., Toom, U., Männik, P., Ernst, A. 2024. Stop 7: Rummu quarry. XI Baltic Stratigraphical Conference. Abstracts and Field Guide, pp. 101-106. Geological Society of Estonia.
Hints, O. 2024. Stop 5: Pakerort cliff, Pakri Peninsula. XI Baltic Stratigraphical Conference. Abstracts and Field Guide, pp. 93-98. Geological Society of Estonia.
Weidner, T., Ebbestad, J. O. R. 2018. Anopolenus henrici Salter, a middle Cambrian (Drumian) centropleurid trilobite from the Alum Shale Formation of Scandinavia. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 66, 223-228. DOI:10.37570/bgsd-2018-66-13
Vinn, O., Ernst, A., Toom, U., Isakar, M. 2018. Cryptic encrusting fauna inside invertebrate fossils from the Ordovician of Estonia. Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae 88, 3, 285-290. DOI:10.14241/asgp.2018.008
Weidner, T., Nielsen, A. T 2016. Tomagnostus brantevikensis n. sp. (Trilobita) from the middle Cambrian of Scania, Sweden. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 64, 111–116. DOI:10.37570/bgsd-2016-64-06
Rushton, A., Weidner, T., Ebbestad, J. 2016. Paradoxidid trilobites from a mid-Cambrian (Series 3, stage 5) limestone concretion from Jämtland, central Sweden. Bulletin of Geosciences 91, 3, 515-552. DOI:10.3140/bull.geosci.1606
Żylińska, A., Weidner, T., Ahlgren, J., Ahlberg, P. 2015. Exotic trilobites from the uppermost Cambrian Series 3 and lower Furongian of Sweden. Acta Geologica Polonica 65, 1, 21-67. DOI:10.1515/agp-2015-0002
Høyberget, M., Ebbestad, J. O. R., Funke, B., Nakrem, H. A. 2015. The shelly fauna and biostratigraphy of the lower Cambrian (provisional series 2, stage 4) Evjevik Member, Ringstrand Formation in the Mjøsa area, Norway. Norwegian Journal of Geology 95, 1, 23-56. DOI:10.17850/njg95-1-02
Rasmussen, B. W., Nielsen, A. T., Schovsbo, N. H. 2015. Faunal succession in the upper Cambrian (Furongian) Leptoplastus Superzone at Slemmestad, southern Norway. Norwegian Journal of Geology 95, 1, 1-22. DOI:10.17850/njg95-1-01
Bergström, J., Zhiqiang, Z., Ahlberg, P., Axheimer, N. 2014. Upper lower Cambrian (provisional Cambrian Series 2) trilobites from northwestern Gansu Province, China. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 63, 3, 123-143. DOI:10.3176/earth.2014.12
Hints, L., Männik, P. 2014. Stop A10: Porkuni quarry. 4th Annual Meeting of IGCP 591, Estonia, 10-19 June 2014. Abstracts and Field Guide, pp. 167-172. University of Tartu.
Pärnaste, H., Bergström, J., Zhou, Z.-Y. 2013. High-resolution trilobite stratigraphy of the Lower-Middle Ordovician Öland Series of Baltoscandia. Geological Magazine 150, 3, 509–518. DOI:10.1017/S0016756812000908
Krueger, H.-H. 2013. Die Unterfamilie Chasmopinae (Trilobita, Pterygometopidae) aus baltoskandischen Geschieben sowie Baltoskandia und angrenzenden Gebieten. pp. 1-150. Ampyx-Verlag.
Pärnaste, H., Bergström, J. 2013. The asaphid trilobite fauna: Its rise and fall in Baltica. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 389, 64-77. DOI:10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.06.007
Pärnaste, H. 2012. Suurte silmadega väike mereelukas Telephina. Eesti Loodus 6-7, 20-23.
Hints, L., Pärnaste, H., Gailite, L.-I. 2012. Hirnantia sagittifera (Brachiopoda) and Mucronaspis mucronata s.l. (Trilobita) in the Upper Ordovician of the East Baltic: taxonomy and distribution. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 61, 2, 65-81. DOI:10.3176/earth.2012.2.01
Pärnaste, H., Popp, A. 2011. First record of Telephina (Trilobita) from the Ordovician of northeastern Estonia and its stratigraphical implications. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 60, 2, 83-90. DOI:10.3176/earth.2011.2.02
Popp, A., Pärnaste, H. 2011. Biometry and lifestyle of the Ordovician proetide trilobite Cyamella stensioei Owens, 1979. GFF 133, 3-4, 111-123. DOI:10.1080/11035897.2011.599418
Terfelt, F., Ahlberg, P. 2010. Pseudagnostus rugosus Ergaliev, 1980: a key agnostoid species for intercontinental correlation of upper Furongian (Cambrian) strata. Geological Magazine 147, 5, 789-796. DOI:10.1017/S0016756810000282
Dies Álvarez, M. E., Rushton, A. W. A., Gozalo, R., Pillola, G. L., Liñán, E., Ahlberg, P. 2010. Paradoxides brachyrhachis Linnarsson, 1883 versus Paradoxide smediterraneus Pompeckj, 1901: a problematic determination. pp. 95-104. DOI:10.1080/11035897.2010.481363
Stein, M., Bergström, J. 2010. Some lower Middle Ordovician species of Asaphus (Trilobita) from Sweden. GFF 132, 2, 105–116. DOI:10.1080/11035897.2010.486478
Hoel, O. A. 2009. The post-cephalic morphology of the middle Ordovician trilobite Prionocheilus narinosus from the central Oslo Region, Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 89, 3, 247-249.
Pärnaste, H., Popp, A., Owens, R. M. 2009. Distribution of the Proetida (Trilobita) in Baltoscandian Ordovician strata. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 58, 1, 10-23. DOI:10.3176/earth.2009.1.02
Popp, A., Pärnaste, H. 2008. Morphometric study of the Ordovician proetid trilobite Cyamella stensioei Owens, 1978. Advances in trilobite research, pp. 327-332. IGME.
Pärnaste, H. 2008. Xylabion and related genera. Advances in trilobite research, pp. 307-312.
Rushton, A. W. A., Weidner, T. 2007. The Middle Cambrian paradoxidid trilobite Hydrocephalus from Jämtland, central Sweden. Acta Geologica Polonica 57, 4, 391-401.
Terfelt, F., Ahlgren, J. 2007. Macropyge (Promacropyge) scandinavica new species; the first macropyginid trilobite recorded from the Furongian of Baltica. Journal of Paleontology 81, 6, 1516-1522. DOI:10.1666/06-020R.1
Axheimer, N. 2006. The Middle Cambrian Eodiscoid trilobite Dawsonia oelandica (Westergård, 1936). Journal of Paleontology 80, 1, 193-200. DOI:10.1666/0022-3360(2006)080[0193:TMCETD]2.0.CO;2
Axheimer, N., Eriksson, M. E., Ahlberg, P., Bengtsson, A. 2006. The middle Cambrian cosmopolitan key species Lejopyge laevigata and its biozone: new data from Sweden. Geological Magazine 143, 4, 447-455. DOI:10.1017/S0016756806002007
Pärnaste, H. 2006. The earliest encrinurid trilobites from the East Baltic and their taxonomic interest. Palaeontology 49, 1, 155-170. DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00535.x
Pärnaste, H. 2006. The Early Ordovician trilobite distribution and zonation of the East Baltic. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 55, 2, 109-127. DOI:10.3176/geol.2006.2.03
Holloway, D. J. 2004. The Trilobite Subfamily Monorakinae (Pterygometopidae). Palaeontology 47, 4, 1015-1036. DOI:10.1111/j.0031-0239.2004.00396.x
Pärnaste, H. 2004. Revision of the Ordovician cheirurid trilobite genus Reraspis with the description of the earliest representative. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 53, 2, 125-138. DOI:10.3176/geol.2004.2.03
Owens, R. M. 2004. Late Ordovician and early Silurian Proetida (Trilobita) from north‐western and central Europe. Palaeontology 47, 3, 557-578. DOI:10.1111/j.0031-0239.2004.00380.x
Pärnaste, H. 2003. The Lower Ordovician trilobite Krattaspis: the earliest cyrtometopinid (Cheiruridae) from the Arenig of the east Baltic. Special Papers in Palaeontology 70, 241-257.
Ivantsov, A. Yu. 2003. Ordovician Trilobites of the Subfamily Asaphinae of the Ladoga Glint. Paleontological Journal 37, Suppl.3, 1-337.
Bird, C., Clarkson, E. 2003. Observations on the ontogeny of the upper Cambrian trilobite Peltura scarabaeoides westergaardi Henningsmoen, 1957. GFF 125, 4, 177-190. DOI:10.1080/11035890301254177
Krueger, H.-H. 2002. Atractocybeloides, eine kleinwüchsige Trilobitengattung aus baltoskandischen Geschieben und ihrem Anstehenden. Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität in Berlin 105-120.
Rõõmusoks, A. 2000. The new trilobite genus Valdariops from the Harju Series (Upper Ordovician) of Estonia. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 49, 1, 28-43. DOI:10.3176/geol.2000.1.03
Ivantsov, A. Yu. 2000. New Taxa of Asaphid Trilobites (Ptychopariida: Asaphinae) from the Ordovician of Leningrad Region. Paleontologicheski Zhurnal 4, 50-56.
Ebbestad, J. O. R. 1999. Trilobites of the Tremadoc Bjørkåsholmen Formation in the Oslo Region, Norway. Fossils and Strata 47, 1-118. DOI:10.18261/8200377024-1999
Rõõmusoks, A. 1998. Trilobites of the genus Toxochasmops from the Ordovician of Estonia. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 47, 3, 173-194. DOI:10.3176/geol.1998.3.04
Månsson, K. 1998. Middle Ordovician olenid trilobites (Triarthrus Green and Porterfieldia Cooper) from Jämtland, central Sweden. pp. 47-62. DOI:10.1017/S0263593300002352
Barwick, R. E., Campbell, K. S. W., Mark-Kurik, E. 1997. Tarachomylax: A new early Devonian dipnoan from Severnaya Zemlya, and its place in the evolution of the Dipnoi. Geobios 30, 1, 45-73. DOI:10.1016/S0016-6995(97)80257-4
Raukas, A., Teedumäe, A. (eds) 1997. Geology and Mineral Resources of Estonia. pp. 1-436. Estonian Academy Publishers.
Bruton, D. L., Hoel, O. A., Beyene, L. T., Ivantsov, A. Yu. 1997. Catalogue of the trilobites figured in Friedrich Schmidt's "Revision der ostbaltischen silurischen Trilobiten" (1881-1907). Paleontological Contributions from the University of Oslo 403, 1-115.
Edgecombe, G. D., Ramsköld, L. 1996. The "Encrinurus" variolaris plexus (Trilobita, Silurian): relationships of Llandovery species. Geobios 29, 2, 209-233. DOI:10.1016/S0016-6995(96)80045-3
Nielsen, A. 1995. Trilobite systematics, biostratigraphy and palaeoecology of the Lower Ordovician Komstad Limestone and Huk Formations, southern Scandinavia. Fossils and Strata 38, 1-374. DOI:10.18261/8200376583-1995-01
Melnikov, S. A. 1995. New trilobites from the Lower/Middle Ordovician boundary Deposits in Leningrad oblast. Paleontologicheski Zhurnal 4, 131-135.
Ahlberg, P. 1995. Telephinid trilobites from the Ordovician of the East Baltic. GFF 117, 1, 49-52. DOI:10.1080/11035899509546196
Ramsköld, L., Adrain, J. M., Edgecombe, G. D., Siveter, D. J. 1994. Silurian calymenid trilobite Alcymene n. gen., with new species from the Ludlow of Gotland, Sweden. Journal of Paleontology 68, 3, 556-569. DOI:10.1017/S0022336000025920
Ramsköld, L., Edgecombe, G. D. 1994. Revision of the Silurian encrinurine trilobite Wallacia Lamont 1978, with species from Gotland and Canada. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 68, 1/2, 89-115. DOI:10.1007/BF02989435
Jaanusson, V., Ramsköld, L. 1993. Pterygometopine trilobites from the Ordovician of Baltoscandia. Palaeontology 36, 4, 743-769.
Krueger, H.-H. 1993. Ruegenometopus (Pterygometopinae) - eine neue Trilobitengattung aus einem mittelordovizischen Geschiebe. Archiv für Geschiebekunde 1, 7, 455-458.
Ramsköld, L. R., Edgecombe, G. D. 1993. Silurian (Ludlow) acastid trilobites from Gotland and Scania, Sweden. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 67, 3-4, 261-285. DOI:10.1007/BF02990280
Ramsköld, L., Chatterton B. D. E. 1991. Revision and subdivision of the polyphyletic `Leonaspis´ (Trilobita). Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Earth Sciences 82, 4, 333-371. DOI:10.1017/S026359330000420X
Kielan-Jaworowska, Z., Bergström, J. Ahlberg, P. 1991. Cheirurina (trilobita) from the Upper Ordovician of Västergötland and other regions of Sweden. GFF 113, 2-3, 219-244. DOI:10.1080/11035899109453857
Rõõmusoks, A. 1991. On the stratigraphy and fauna of the boundary beds between the Pirgu and Porkuni stages in North Estonia. Acta et Commentationes Universitatis Tartuensis 934, XII, 23-42.
Männil, Reet 1990. Silurian trilobites. Field Meeting Estonia 1990. An Excursion Guidebook, pp. 74-76. Estonian Academy of Sciences.
Bassett, M. G., Kaljo, D., Teller, L. 1989. The Baltic region. National Museum of Wales, Geological Series 9, 158-170. National Museum of Wales.
Rõõmusoks, A. 1989. Über die Divergenz der Leptaenidae (Brachiopoda) in der Viru-und Harju-zeit in Baltoscandia. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Геология 38, 3, 112-117. DOI:10.3176/geol.1989.3.03
Männil, Ralf 1987. Explanatory notes to the stratigraphical chemes of the Ordovician deposits. Resolutions of the interdepartmental stratigraphical conference on the East European Platform in 1984, with regional stratigraphical schemes, pp. 17-57.
Männil, Reet 1987. New phacopid trilobites from the Upper Silurian of the East Baltic. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Геология 36, 3, 113-120. DOI:10.3176/geol.1987.3.03
Rõõmusoks, A. 1986. Oculichasmops - a new genus of the trilobite subfamily Chasmopinae. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Геология 35, 4, 156-159. DOI:10.3176/geol.1986.4.03
Ramsköld, L. 1986. Silurian encrinurid trilobites from Gotland and Dalarna, Sweden. Palaeontology 29, 3, 527-575.
Fortey, R. A. 1986. The type species of the Ordovician trilobite Symphysurus: systematic functional morphology and terrace ridges. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 60, 3/4, 255-275. DOI:10.1007/BF02985671
Ramsköld, L. 1985. Silurian phacopid and dalmanitid trilobites from Gotland. Stockholm Contributions in Geology 40, 1-62.
Ramsköld, L. 1984. Silurian odontopleurid trilobites from Gotland. Palaeontology 27, 2, 239-264.
Männil, Reet 1983. Upper Silurian Calymenidae (Trilobita) of the East Baltic. Lower Paleozoic paleontology of Baltics and Podolia, pp. 72-100. Eesti NSV TA Geoloogia Instituut.
Ramsköld, L. 1983. Silurian cheirurid trilobites from Gotland. Palaeontology 27, 2, 175-210.
Männil, Reet 1982. Trilobite communities (Wenlock, East Baltic). Communities and biozones in the Baltic Silurian Communities and biozones in the Baltic Silurian, pp. 51-62. Valgus.
Männil, Reet 1981. Late Silurian proetidae (Trilobita) of Estonia. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Геология 30, 3, 98-105. DOI:10.3176/geol.1981.3.02
Bassett, M. G., Cocks, L. R. M., Holland, C. H., Ingham, J. K., Lawson, J. D., Rickards, R. B., Temple, J. T. 1979. Field meeting, Great Britain March 30- April 11, 1979. pp. 1-48. IUGS.
Männil, Reet 1979. Silurian trilobites of the subfamily Warburgellinae of the East Baltic area. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Геология 28, 3, 99-107. DOI:10.3176/geol.1979.3.04
Männil, Reet 1978. Wenlockian trilobites of the Encrinurus punctatus species-group of the East Baltic. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Геология 27, 3, 108-113. DOI:10.3176/geol.1978.3.05
Owens, R. M. 1978. The trilobite genera Panarchaeogonus Öpik, Isbergia Warburg and Cyamops gen. nov. from the Ordovician of Balto-Scandia and British Isles. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 58, 199-219.
Männil, Reet 1977. East Baltic Lower Silurian Calymenidae (Trilobita). Facies and fauna of the Baltic Silurian, pp. 240-258. Academy of Sciences of the Estonian S. S. R. Institute of Geology.
Männil, Reet 1977. Some new Llandoverian encrinurid trilobites of the East Baltic area. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 26, 1, 46-56. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1977.1.08
Bruton, D. L. 1976. The trilobite genus Phillipsinella from the Ordovician of Scandinavia and the Baltic areas. Palaeontology 19, 4, 699 – 718.
Balashova, E. A. 1976. Sistematika trilobitov Asaphina i ih predstaviteli v SSSR. pp. 1-215. Nedra.
Bergström, J. 1973. Classification of olenellid trilobites and some Balto-Scandian species. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 53, 3, 283-314.
Korkutis, V. A. 1971. The Cambrian deposits of the Baltic area. pp. 1-176. Mintis.
Männil, Reet 1970. Estonian Lower and Middle Llandoverian trilobites of the genus Acernaspis. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 19, 2, 156-165. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1970.2.10
Männil, Reet 1970. Phacopid trilobites of the Upper Llandoverian of Estonia. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 19, 4, 342-349. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1970.4.10
Balashova, E. A., Korkutis, V. A. 1970. On the first find of the Upper Cambrian trilobite in the Tyskre suite of the Baltic area. Palaeontology and Stratigraphy of the Baltic and the Byelorussia. Number II, pp. 341-344. Mintis.
Bruton, D. L. 1968. The trilobite genus Panderia from the Ordovician of Scandinavia and the Baltic areas. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 48, 1,2, 1-53.
Bruton, D. L. 1968. Ordovician odontopleurid trilobites from Estonia and Latvia. Lethaia 1, 3, 288-302. DOI:10.1111/j.1502-3931.1968.tb01742.x
Männil, Reet 1968. Encrinurus Schmidti sp. n. (Trilobita) from the Llandoverian of Estonia. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 17, 3, 273-283. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1968.3.09
Bruton, D. L. 1967. Silurian odontopleurid trilobites from Sweden, Estonia, and Latvia. Palaeontology 10, 2, 214-244.
Männil, Ralf 1966. O vertikal'nyh norkah zaryvaniâ v ordovikskih izvestnâkah Pribaltiki [О вертикальных норках зарывания в ордовикских известняках Прибалтики]. The organism and environment in the geological past, pp. 200-207. Nauka.
Bruton, D. L. 1966. A Revision of the Swedish Ordovician Odontopleuridae (Trilobita). Bulletin of the Geological Institutions of the University of Uppsala 43, 6-8, 1-40.
Balashova, E. A. 1964. Morfologiâ, filogeniâ i stratigrafičeskoe značenie ranneordovikskogo podsemejstva Ptychopyginae Pribaltiki. Voprosy paleontologii IV, 3-56.
Männil, Ralf 1963. On the correlation of the Ordovician strata of Estonia and Leningrad region. ENSV TA Geoloogia Instituudi Uurimused XIII, 3-40.
Männil, Ralf 1963. The biostratigraphic subdivision of the Ordovician strata in Western Latvia. ENSV TA Geoloogia Instituudi Uurimused XIII, 41-74.
Tripp, R. P. 1962. The Silurian trilobite Encrinurus punctatus (Wahlenberg) and allied species. Palaeontology 5, 3, 460-477.
Nikolaisen, F. 1961. The Middle Ordovician of the Oslo Region, Norway: 7. Trilobites of the suborder Cheirurina. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 41, 2-4, 279-310.
Kielan, Z. 1960. Upper Ordovician trilobites from Poland and some related forms from Bohemia and Scandinavia. Palaeontologia Polonica 11, 1-198.
Whittington, H. B., Bohlin, B. 1958. New Lower Ordovician Odontopleuridae (Trilobita) from Öland. Bulletin of the Geological Institutions of the University of Uppsala 38, 37-45.
List of species
14. Acernaspis incerta Männil, 1970 | Raikküla Stage
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Classification
Organism groupBiota
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumArthropoda
Subphylumincertae sedis
Chelicerata
Crustacea
Trilobita
OrderAsaphida
Corynexochida
Librostoma
Lichida
Olenida
Phacopida
Proetida
Ptychopariida
Redlichiida
FamilyChangshaniidae
Kingstoniidae
ClassInsecta
Merostomoidea
InfraclassPhosphatocopina
OrderAgnostida
Leperditicopida
Nektaspida
SpeciesGdowia
See also