klass

Acanthodii Owen, 1846

Akantoodid

Taksoni iseloomustus

Eesti ala Vanaaegkonnas elanud lõugsuused (Gnathostomata) jagunevad nelja suurde rühma: rüükalad ehk plakodermid (Placodermi), akantoodid (Acanthodii), kõrhkalad (Chondrichthyes) ja luukalad (Osteichthyes).

Akantoodid (Acanthodii) on väikesed ogalised suurte silmadega kalad, kes kasvasid kuni 40cm pikkuseks. Esimesed akantoodid ilmusid Ordoviitsiumis ja viimased surid välja Permi ajastul. Nende õitseaeg oli Siluris ja Devonis, kuid nii suurt mitmekesisust nagu rüükalad akantoodid ei saavutanud. Akantoode tuntakse mikrojäänuste - soomuste ja uimede eesosas olnud luuogade - põhjal, mida Eestis leitakse Siluri ja Devoni ajastu kivimitest.

 

Valik taksonit käsitlevast teaduskirjandusest
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Burrow, C. 2021. Handbook of Paleoichthyology. Vol. 5. Acanthodii, Stem Chondrichthyes. pp. 1-171. Verlag Dr Friedrich Pfeil.
Pinakhina, D. V., Märss, T. 2018. The Middle Devonian acanthodian assemblage of the Karksi outcrop in Estonia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 67, 1, 96-111. DOI:10.3176/earth.2018.07
Glinskiy, V. N., Pinakhina, D. V. 2018. New data on psammosteid heterostracans (Pteraspidomorpha) and acanthodians (Acanthodii) from the Pärnu Regional Stage (Lower Eifelian, Middle Devonian) of Estonia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 67, 1, 76-87. DOI:10.3176/earth.2018.05
Pinakhina, D. V. 2018. A New Cheiracanthid Acanthodian Species from the Aruküla Regional Stage (Middle Devonian, Givetian) of the Eastern Main Devonian Field. Paleontological Journal 52, 1, 42-48. Pleiades Publishing Ltd. DOI:10.1134/S0031030118010112
Pinakhina, D. V. 2018. Srednedevonskie akantodovye ryby (Acanthodii) Severo-Zapadnogo subregiona Vostočno-Evropejskoi Platformy. pp. 1-381. St. Peterburg State University.
Burrow, C., den Blaauwen, J., Newman, M., Davidson, R. 2016. The diplacanthid fishes (Acanthodii, Diplacanthiformes, Diplacanthidae) from the Middle Devonian of Scotland. Palaeontologia Electronica 19, 1, 1-83. DOI:Devononchus concinnus
Qu, Q., Sanchez, S., Blom, H., Tafforeau, P., Ahlberg, P. E. 2013. Scales and Tooth Whorls of Ancient Fishes Challenge Distinction between External and Oral ‘Teeth’. PLOS ONE 8, 8, e71890. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0071890
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Lukševičs, E., Lebedev, O., Zakharenko, G. 2010. Palaeozoogeographical connections of the Devonian vertebrate communities of the Baltica Province. Part I. Eifelian–Givetian. Palaeoworld 19, 1-2, 94-107. Elsevier BV. DOI:10.1016/j.palwor.2010.02.001
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Märss, T., Kleesment, A., Niit, M. 2008. Karksilepis parva gen. et sp. nov. (Chondrichthyes) from the Burtnieki Regional Stage, Middle Devonian of Estonia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 57, 4, 219-230. DOI:10.3176/earth.2008.4.02
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Valiukevičius, J. 2004. Silurian acanthodian succession of the Lužni-4 borehole (Latvia). Acta Universitatis Latviensis 679, 120-147.
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Lukševičs, E., Zupinš, I. 2004. Sedimentology, fauna, and taphonomy of the Pavâri site, Late Devonian of Latvia. Acta Universitatis Latviensis 679, 99-119.
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Leitud liigid
2. Archaeacanthus quadrisulcatus Kade, 1858 | Narva lade→Gauja lade
3. Arenaceacanthus arcuatacanalis Valiukevičius, 2004 | Paadla lade→Kaugatuma lade
10. Cheiracanthoides planus Valiukevičius, 1998 | Ohesaare lade→Tilze lade
12. Cheiracanthus brevicostatus Gross, 1973 | Pärnu lade→Burtnieki lade
15. Cheiracanthus gibbosus Valiukevičius, 1986 | Rezekne lade→Pärnu lade
16. Cheiracanthus intricatus Valiukevičius, 1985 | Narva lade→Aruküla lade
17. Cheiracanthus latus Egerton, 1861 | Rezekne lade→Burtnieki lade
18. Cheiracanthus longicostatus Gross, 1973 | Emsi lade→Frasnes'i lade
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Klassifikatsioon
organismirühmBiota
riikAnimalia
hõimkondChordata
alamhõimkondVertebrata
organismirühmGnathostomata
ülemklassOsteichthyes
Tetrapoda
klassAcanthodii
seltsAcanthodiformes
Climatiiformes
Ischnacanthiformes
Tchunacanthida
sugukondMachaeracanthidae
perekondArchaeacanthus
Canadalepis
Endemolepis
Haplacanthus
Homacanthus
Laliacanthus
Latviacanthus
Minioracanthus
Nodocosta
Nostolepis
Onchus
klassChondrichthyes
Placodermi
perekondJanusiscus
See also