alamhõimkond

Trilobita Walch, 1771

Trilobiidid

Taksoni iseloomustus

Trilobiidi ehitus ja seda kirjeldavad terminid.

Trilobiidid on Paleosoikumi meredes laialt levinud lülijalgsete rühm. Nende keha kattis selgmiselt kolmeosaline välisskelett, milles eristatakse pea- ja sabakilpi ning lülilist kehaosa. Lateraalselt jaguneb trilobiitide keha samuti kolmeks osaks nn loobusteks, millest tuleneb ka rühma nimi. Trilobiitide kõhupoolel asetsesid jalad ning nendele kinnitunud lõpused. Kuna kõhupoolel looma pehmet keha kaitsev soomusrüü puudus, siis arenes osadel vormidel välja võime kerra tõmbuda. Trilobiidid asustasid ürgmere erinevaid ökonišše, paljudel liikidel olid hästi arenenud meeleelundid, eriti liitsilmad, mis sarnanevad putukasilmadele.

Trilobiitide suurus jääb enamasti 1-10 cm vahele, kuid maailmast on teada ka ligi 1 meetri pikkuseks kasvanud liike. Pilkupüüdva kuju tõttu on trilobiitide fossiilid paleontoloogiahuvilistele ihaldusväärseks kogumisobjektiks.

Vanimad trilobiidid on teada Alam-Kambriumist, Permi lõpuks surid nad välja. Kokku tuntakse trilobiite umbes 1500 perekonda, Eestist on teada ligi 100 perekonda enam kui 450 erineva liigiga.

Eesti Ordoviitsiumi ja Siluri lubjakivides on trilobiidid küllaltki tavalised fossiilid, üksikud leiud on teada ka Kambriumi kivimitest. Enamasti leiame trilobiite üksikute osadena (eriti peakilpe ja sabakilpe), terviklikult säilunud eksemplarid on haruldased ning omavad suurt teaduslikku väärtust.

Valik taksonit käsitlevast teaduskirjandusest
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Leitud liigid
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Klassifikatsioon
organismirühmBiota
riikAnimalia
hõimkondArthropoda
alamhõimkondincertae sedis
Chelicerata
Crustacea
Trilobita
seltsAsaphida
Corynexochida
Lichida
Olenida
Phacopida
Proetida
Ptychopariida
Redlichiida
sugukondChangshaniidae
Kingstoniidae
klassInsecta
Merostomoidea
infraklassPhosphatocopina
seltsAgnostida
Leperditicopida
Nektaspida
liikGdowia
See also