Genus

Cruziana d’Orbigny, 1842

Taxon description

Gibb et al., 2009

Diagnosis. An elongate, bilobate furrow that can vary in depth with respect to the bedding plane, may be straight and/or gently curved (not tightly or sharply) within or upon the bedding surface, and may be composed of repetitive sets (or series) of imprints (ridges) along its length (though in most cases these ridges cannot be differentiated into distinctive set patterns); ridges in central part of furrow usually aligned in a herringbone shape and more or less continuous along length of furrow; also, sometimes, outside herringbone-aligned ridges, the trace may exhibit pair of narrow, comparatively smooth outer zones with or without fine brush-like impressions, and additionally there may be presence of lateral ridges.

Keighley & Pickerill, 1996a

Diagnosis: Elongate (length:width ratio >2:1), typically ribbon-like, bilobate (rarely unilobate) interface burrows or trails preserved as furrows with median ridgesmwhen preserved in concave epirelief (or bilobate trails with median groove when preserved in counterpart convex hyporelief), or paired furrows that are in close proximity (less than the width of a furrow apart). Furrows covered by herring-bone-shaped or transverse striations, with or without smooth or longitudinally striate zones peripheral to the inner striations, with or without outer lateral ridges and/or wisplike markings if preserved on bedding soles (after Fillion and Pickerill, 1990)

Selection of related publications
Toom, U., Vinn, O., Hints, O. 2019. Ordovician and Silurian ichnofossils from carbonate facies in Estonia: A collection-based review. Palaeoworld 28, 1-2, 123-144. DOI:10.1016/j.palwor.2018.07.001
Vinn, O., Toom, U. 2016. Rare arthropod traces from the Ordovician and Silurian of Estonia (Baltica). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie. Abhandlungen 280, 2, 135-141. DOI:10.1127/njgpa/2016/0570
Vinn, O. 2014. Cruziana traces from the Late Silurian (Pridoli) carbonate shelf of Saaremaa, Estonia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 63, 2, 71-75. DOI:10.3176/earth.2014.06
Mikuláš, R., Meškis, S., Ivanov, A., Lukševičs, E., Zupinš, I., Stinkulis, G. 2013. A rich ichnofossil assemblage from the Frasnian (Upper Devonian) deposits at Andoma Hill, Onega Lake, Russia. Bulletin of Geosciences 88, 2, 389-400. DOI:10.3140/bull.geosci.1358
Davies, N. S., Sansom, I. J., Turner, P. 2006. Trace fossils and paleoenvironments of a Late Silurian marginal-marine/alluvial system: the Ringerike Group (Lower Old Red Sandstone), Oslo Region, Norway. Palaios 21, 1, 46-62. DOI:10.2110/palo.2003.p03-08
Knaust, D. 2004. Cambro-Ordovician trace fossils from the SW-Norwegian Caledonides. Geological Journal 39, 1, 1-24. DOI:10.1002/gj.941
Wisshak, M., Volohonsky, E., Seilacher, A., Freiwald, A. 2004. A trace fossil assemblage from fluvial Old Red deposits (Wood Bay Formation; Lower to Middle Devonian) of NW-Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Lethaia 37, 2, 149-163. DOI:10.1080/00241160410005763
Rydell, J., Hammarlund, J., Seilacher, A. 2001. Trace fossil associations in the Swedish Mickwitzia sandstone (Lower Cambrian): Did trilobites really hunt for worms?. GFF 123, 4, 247-250. DOI:10.1080/11035890101234247
Jensen, S. 1997. Trace fossils from the Lower Cambrian Mickwitzia sandstone, south-central Sweden. Fossils and Strata 42, 1-110.
Orłowski, S. 1992. Trilobite trace fossils and their stratigraphical significance in the Cambrian sequence of the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland. Geological Journal 27, 1, 15-34. DOI:10.1002/gj.3350270104
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Classification
Organism groupBiota
Ichnofossil groupIchnofossils
Bioturbation trace fossils
Trackways and scratch imprints
OrderBiformitidae
FamilyArenicolitidae
Arthrophycidae
Asteriacitidae
Rhizocoralliidae
Rosselichnidae
Siphonichnidae
GenusAcanthorhaphe
Aglaspidichnus
Agrichnium
Altichnus
Amanitichnus
Amphorichnus
Ancorichnus
Angulichnus
Arachnomorphichnus
Arachnostega
Arborichnus
Archaeonassa
Arcuatichnus
Arenituba
Artharia
Asaphoidichnus
Asterichnus
Asterosoma
Astropolichnus
Aulichnites
Avipeda
Avolatichnium
Balanoglossites
Baroccoichnites
Bathichnus
Beaconites
Bergaueria
Bestiopeda
Bicavichnites
Bichordites
Bifasciculus
Bifungites
Bilinichnus
Bolonia
Bornichnus
Bunyerichnus
Caletichnus
Calycraterion
Camborygma
Capodistria
Caprionichnius
Cardioichnus
Caridolites
Catenarichnus
Catenichnus
Chagrinichnites
Cheiichnus
Chomatichnus
Chondrites
Circulichnis
Cladichnus
Clematischnia
Climactichnites
Cochlichnus
Compaginatichnus
Conichnus
Conostichus
Cruziana
Speciescantabrica
acacensis
almadenensis
ancora
arizonensis
bagnolensis
balsa
barbata
barriosi
beirensis
billingsi
bonariensis
brannae
breadstoni
caputinclinata
carinata
clavata
dilatata
diplopoda
dispar
fasciculata
flammosa
furcifera
goldfussi
grenvillensis
gutii
imbricata
irregularis
jenningsi
kufraensis
lineata
lmadenensis
lobosa
navicella
omanica
pascens
pectinata
pedroana
penicillata
plicata
polaris
polonica
pormensis
problematica
pudica
quadrata
radialis
regularis
reticulata
retroplana
rhenana
rouaulti
rugosa
rusoformis
salomonis
semiplicata
similis
tenella
tortworthi
transversa
warrisi
yini
unrankedperucca
GenusCtenopholeus
Curvolithus
Cycloichnus
Cylindricum
Dactyloidites
Deliatynichnis
Dendrorhaphe
Dendrotichnium
Dictyodora
Didymaulichnus
Didymaulyponomos
Diplopodichnus
Echinospira
Egoreichnis
Elingua
Enigmatichnus
Entradichnus
Epibaion
Estrellichnus
Falcichnites
Fimbritubichnus
Foveichnus
Fucoides circinatus
Fuersichnus
Funalichnus
Furculosus
Fustiglyphus
Glossifungites
Glyphichnus
Gordia
Guanshanichnus
Gyrochorte
Gyrolithes
Gyrophyllites
Haentzschelinia
Halimedides
Halopoa
Hartsellea
Heimdallia
Helicodromites
Heliochone
Helminthoida
Helminthoidichnites
Helminthopsis
Herpystezoum
Hondichnus
Hormosiroidea
Ilmenichnus
Imponoglyphus
Isopodichnus
Jamesonichnites
Katbergia
Keilorites
Kimberichnus
Koptichnus
Korymbichnus
Kouphichnium
Labyrintichnus
Lajasichnus
Lamellaeichnus
Lamonte
Lanicoidichna
Lennea
Lepeichnus
Lepidenteron
Liholites
Lingulichnites
Lingulichnus
Lithoplaision
Lockeia
Loloichnus
Lophoctenium
Lorenzinia
Macaronichnus
Maiakarichnus
Mammillichnis
Margaritichnus
Megagrapton
Mermia
Microspherichnus
Minterichnus
Monocraterion
Monofungites
Multilamella
Multina
Multipodichnus
Musculopodus
Naviculichnium
Nenoxites
Neoeione
Neonereites
Nereites (trace fossil)
Nummipera
Oikobesalon
Oldhamia
Olenichnus
Oniscoidichnus
Ophiomorpha
Oravaichnium
Palaeophycus
Paleodictyon
Paracanthorhaphe
Parahaentzschelina
Parapsammichnites
Parataenidium
Paratisoa
Parmaichnus
Parundichnia
Pentichnus
Petalichnus
Phoebichnus
Pholeus
Phycosiphon
Pilichnus
Piscichnus
Plagiogmus
Plangtichnus
Planispiralichnus
Planolites
Polarichnus
Polykampton
Polykladichnus
Protopaleodictyon
Protospiralichnus
Protovirgularia
Psammichnites
Psilonichnus
Pteraspisichnis
Ptychoplasma
Radiichnus
Radionereites
Rhadhostium
Rotamedusa
Rusophycus
Saerichnites
Sagittichnus
Saportia
Scalaridomus
Schaubcylindrichnus
Scolecocoprus
Scolicia
Scotolithus
Scoyenia
Selenichnites
Shanwangichnus
Sinusichnus
Skolichnus
Skolithos
Sokolovichnites
Solemyatuba
Sphaerichnus
Spirocosmorhaphe
Spirodesmos
Spirophycus
Spongelimorpha
Squamichnus
Squamodictyon
Steinsfjordichnus
Stelloglyphus
Streptichnus
Sustergichnus
Svalbardichnus
Syringomorpha
Taenidium
Tambia
Taotieichnus
Taphrhelminthopsis
Taxichnites
Teichichnus
Ternavites
Tetraichnites
Thalassinoides
Torrowangea
Transexcrementum
Treptichnus
Triacliichnis
Trichichnus
Trichophycus
Trisulcus
Tuapseichnium
Tuberculichnus
Tubichnus
Tubotomaculum
Tylichnus
Undichna
Vagorichnus
Vermichnus
Virgaichnus
Volkichnium
Walcottia
Zoophycos
unrankedTrusheimichnus
References based on distribution