Class
Rhynchonellata Williams, Carlson, Brunton, Holmer et Popov, 1996
Selection of related publications
Baarli, B. G. 2022. The smooth, spire-bearing brachiopods after the terminal Ordovician extinction through lower Llandovery in the central Oslo region, Norway. Journal of Paleontology 96, 1, 81-111. DOI:10.1017/jpa.2021.72
Baarli, B. G. 2021. Plectatrypinae and other ribbed atrypides succeeding the end Ordovician extinction event, Central Oslo Region, Norway. Journal of Paleontology 95, 1, 75-105. DOI:10.1017/jpa.2020.69
Baarli, B. G. 2021. Survival and recovery atrypid fauna following the terminal Ordovician extinction, the Atrypinae: central Oslo Region, Norway. Historical Biology 33, 3, 403-440. DOI:10.1080/08912963.2019.1620228
Toom, U., Vinn, O., Isakar, M., Madison, A., Hints, O. 2020. Small faecal pellets in Ordovician shelly fossils from Estonia, Baltoscandia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 69, 1, 1-19. DOI:10.3176/earth.2020.01
Hints, L. 2019. The Ordovician brachiopod genus Cyrtonotella: taxonomy and distribution in the Baltic Basin. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 68, 3, 147-159. DOI:10.3176/earth.2019.10
Harper, D. A. T., Popov, L. E., Holmer, L. E. 2017. Brachiopods: origin and early history. Palaeontology 60, 5, 609-631. DOI:10.1111/pala.12307
Jin, J., Holmer, L. E. 2017. Pentameroid brachiopod Karlsorus new genus from the upper Wenlock (Silurian) Slite Beds, Gotland, Sweden. Journal of Paleontology 91, 5, 911-918. Cambridge University Press (CUP). DOI:10.1017/jpa.2017.46
Huang, B., Baarli, B .G., Zhan, R. B., Rong, J. Y. 2016. A new early Silurian brachiopod genus, Thulatrypa, from Norway and South China, and its palaeobiogeographical significance. Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 40, 1, 83-97. DOI:10.1080/03115518.2016.1092066
Jarochowska, E., Hierl, F., Vinn, O., Munnecke, A. 2016. Reducing taxonomic noise in problematic fossils: revision of the incertae sedis genus Allonema based on shape analysis. Bulletin of Geosciences 91, 1, 97-110. DOI:10.3140/bull.geosci.1588
Paškevičius, J., Hints, L. 2016. New Early Katian species of Leptestiidae and Hesperorthidae (Brachiopoda) from Lithuania. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 65, 2, 75-84. DOI:10.3176/earth.2016.05
Hints, L., Harper, D. A. T. 2015. The Hirnantian (Late Ordovician) brachiopod fauna of the East Baltic: Taxonomy of the key species. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 60, 2, 395-420. DOI:10.4202/app.2013.0010
Hints, L. 2014. Revision of the concept of the orthide brachiopod Cyrtonotella in the Middle Ordovician of the East Baltic. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 63, 2, 63-70. DOI:10.3176/earth.2014.05
Hints, L. 2012. New Hirnantian orthide brachiopods from the type section of the Porkuni Stage (Porkuni quarry, northeastern Estonia). Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 61, 4, 227–241. DOI:10.3176/earth.2012.4.04
Nestor, V. 2012. A summary and revision of the East Baltic Silurian chitinozoan biozonation. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 61, 4, 242-260. DOI:10.3176/earth.2012.4.05
Rubel, M. 2011. Silurian brachiopods Dictyonellida, Strophomenida, Productida, Orthotetida, Protorthida and Orthida from Estonia.Fossilia Baltica 4 , pp. 1-133. Tartu Ülikooli geoloogia instituut.
Madison A. A., Rubel, M. 2010. Family Lycophoriidae (Brachiopoda) from the Ordovician of Baltoscandia. Paleontological Journal 44, 2, 14-23. DOI:10.1134/S0031030110020048
Hints, L. 2010. A new glyptorthid species (Brachiopoda: Orthida) from the Upper Ordovician of Estonia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 59, 3, 189-194. DOI:10.3176/earth.2010.3.01
Zuykov, M. A., Terentiev, S. S., Harper, D. A. T. 2008. New endemic brachiopod and echinoderm genera from the Upper Ordovician of the St. Petersburg region, nortwestern Russia. GFF 130, 2, 87-93. DOI:10.1080/11035890801302087
Zuykov, M. A., Butts, S. H. 2008. Glyptorthis (Foerste, 1914) and Bassettella new genus (Brachiopoda: Orthida) from the Late Ordovician of the East Baltic. Journal of Paleontology 82, 1, 197-200. DOI:10.1666/06-068.1
Kaljo, D., Hints, L., Männik, P., Nõlvak, J. 2008. The succession of Hirnantian events based on data from Baltica: brachiopods, chitinozoans, conodonts, and carbon isotopes. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 57, 4, 197-218. DOI:10.3176/earth.2008.4.01
Jin, J., Zhan, R. 2008. Late Ordovician Orthide and Billingsellide Brachiopods from Anticosti Island, Eastern Canada: Diversity Change through Mass Extinction. pp. 1-160. NRC Research Press.
Wright, A. D., Rong, J.-Y. 2007. Co-existence of interarea and palintrope: contribution of a new pentameride brachiopod from the Upper Ordovician of Sweden. Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 98, 3-4, 263-269. DOI:10.1017/S1755691007080395
Zuykov, M. A., Harper, D. A. T. 2007. Platystrophia (Orthida) and new related Ordovician and Early Silurian brachiopod genera. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 56, 1, 11-34.
Hints, L., Hints, O., Nemliher, R., Nõlvak, J. 2007. Hulterstad brachiopods and associated faunas in the Vormsi Stage (Upper Ordovician, Katian) of the Lelle core, Central Estonia. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 56, 3, 131-142.
Egerquist, E., Holmer, L. E. 2006. Early-Middle Ordovician (Billingen- Volkhov stages) Orthide and Protorthide brachiopods from the East Baltic. GFF 128, 4, 339-348. DOI:10.1080/11035890601284339
Popov, L. E., Egerquist, E., Zuykov, M. A. 2005. Ordovician (Arenig–Caradoc) Syntrophiidine brachiopods from the East Baltic region. Palaeontology 48, 4, 739-761. DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00487.x
Zuykov, M. A., Egerquist, E. 2005. A new Platystrophia-like brachiopod genus from the Ordovician Boda Limestone of Dalarna, Sweden. pp. 1-5. DOI:10.1080/11035890501271001
Vinn, O. 2005. The distribution of worm borings in brachiopod shells from the Caradoc Oil Shale of Estonia. Carnets de Géologie 5, article 3, 1-11. DOI:10.4267/2042/2454
Copper, P. 2004. Silurian (Late Llandovery-Ludlow) Atrypid Brachiopods from Gotland, Sweden, and Welsh Borderlands, Great Britain. pp. 1-219. DOI:10.1139/9780660190112
Hints, L. 2004. Maximizing diductor adhension: An unusual cardinal process in Late Ordovician brachiopods from Estonia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 49, 4, 635-638.
Tolmacheva, T., Egerquist, E., Meidla, T., Tinn, O., Holmer, L. 2003. Faunal composition and dynamics in unconsolidated sediments: a case study from the Middle Ordovician of the East Baltic. Geological Magazine 140, 1, 31-44. DOI:10.1017/S001675680200701X
Musteikis, P., Modzalevskaya, T. L. 2002. Some Silurian brachiopods from Lithuania and their palaeobiogeographical significance. Palaeontology 45, 3, 595–626. DOI:10.1111/1475-4983.00251
Hints, L. 1993. Holorhynchus (Pentamerida, Brachiopoda) in the Upper Ordovician of Estonia. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 42, 3, 118-123. DOI:10.3176/geol.1993.3.03
Jaanusson, V., Bassett, M. G. 1993. Orthambonites and related Ordovician brachiopod genera. Palaeontology 36, 1, 21-63.
Hints, L. 1990. Ordovician articulate brachiopods.Field Meeting Estonia 1990. An Excursion Guidebook , pp. 58-61. Estonian Academy of Sciences.
Bassett, M. G., Kaljo, D., Teller, L. 1989. The Baltic region. National Museum of Wales, Geological Series 9, 158-170. National Museum of Wales.
Modzalevskaya, T. L. 1985. Brahiopody silura i rannego devona Evropejskoj časti SSSR. Otrâd Athyridida. pp. 1-128. Nauka.
Rubel, M., Musteikis, P., Popov, L. 1984. Sistematicheskii spisok brahiopod silura Pribaltiki [Систематический список брахиопод силура Прибалтики]. pp. 1-36. Eesti Teaduste Akadeemia.
Musteikis, P., Puura, I. 1983. The brachiopod genus Dicoelosia from the Baltic Silurian. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Геология 32, 4, 138-145. DOI:10.3176/geol.1983.4.03
Hints, L. 1979. Genus Saukrodictya (Enteletacea) from the Ordovician and Silurian of Estonia. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Геология 28, 2, 52-59. DOI:10.3176/geol.1979.2.02
Rubel, M., Rozman, H. 1977. New species of Silurian rhynchonelloid species of Estonia.Facies and fauna of the Baltic Silurian , pp. 213-239. Academy of Sciences of the Estonian S. S. R. Institute of Geology.
Rubel, M. 1977. Revision of Silurian Dayiacea (Brach.) from the North-East Baltic. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 26, 3, 211-220. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1977.3.08
Stel, J. H., de Coo, J. C. M. 1977. The Silurian Upper Burgsvik and Lower Hamra-Sundre Beds, Gotland. Scripta Geologica 44, 1-43.
Rubel, M. 1977. Evolution of the genus Stricklandia (Pentamerida, Brach.) in the Llandovery of Estonia.Facies and fauna of the Baltic Silurian , pp. 193-212. ENSV TA Geoloogia Instituut.
Copper, P. 1977. Zygospira and some related Ordovician and Silurian Atrypoid brachiopods. Palaeontology 20, 2, 295-335.
Põlma, L., Sarv, L., Hints, L. 1977. The subdivision of the Ordovician in the Berzini boring (South-East Latvia). Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 26, 2, 113-121. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1977.2.05
Tsegelnjuk, P. D. 1976. Brahiopody i stratigrafiâ nižnego paleozoâ Volyno-Podolii. pp. 1-155. Naukova Dumka.
Hints, L. 1975. Brahiopody Enteletacea ordovika Pribaltiki. pp. 1-119. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia.
Hurst, J. M. 1975. Resserella sabrinae Bassett, in the Wenlock of Wales and the Welsh Borderland. Journal of Paleontology 49, 2, 316-328.
Bassett, M. G., Cocks, L. R. M. 1974. A review of Silurian brachiopods from Gotland. Fossils and Strata 3, 1-56.
Wright, A. D. 1974. A revision of the Upper Ordovician brachiopod "Pentamerus angulosus Törnquist". GFF 96, 237-246. DOI:10.1080/11035897409454950
Hints, L. 1973. New Orthacean Brachiopods from the Middle Ordovician of the East Baltic area and Sweden. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 22, 3, 248-256. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1973.3.10
Walmsley, V. G., Boucot, A. J. 1971. The Resserellinae - a new subfamily of late Ordovician to early Devonian Dalmanellid Brachiopods. Palaeontology 14, 3, 91-102.
Rubel, M. 1971. Taxonomy of dicoelosiid brachiopods from the Ordovician and Silurian of the East Baltic. Palaeontology 14, 1, 34-60.
Hints, L. 1971. A new genus of Rhipidomellid Brachiopods from the Middle Ordovician of the Moscovian Syneclise. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 20, 3, 266-270. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1971.3.15
Boucot, A. J., Johnson, J. G., Rubel, M. 1971. Descriptions of brachiopod genera of subfamily Virgianinae Boucot et Amsden, 1963. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 20, 3, 271-280. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1971.3.16
Rubel, M. 1970. On the distribution of brachiopods in the lowermost Llandovery of Estonia. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 19, 1, 69-79. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1970.1.11
Wright, A. D. 1968. The brachiopod Dicoelosia biloba (Linnaeus) and related species. Arkiv För Zoologi 20, 2, 261-319.
Hints, L. M. 1968. Cremnorthis and Paurorthis (Brachiopoda) in the Middle Ordovician of Estonia. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 17, 4, 386-392. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1968.4.09
Bergström, J. 1968. Upper Ordovician brachiopods from Västergötland, Sweden. Geologica et Palaeontologica 2, 1-35.
Gailite, L. K., Rybnikova, M. V., Ulst, R. Ž. 1967. Stratigrafiâ, fauna i usloviâ obrazovaniâ silurijskih porod Srednej Pribaltiki. pp. 1-304. Zinatne.
Rubel, M., Modzalevskaya, T. 1967. New Silurian brachiopods of the family Athyrididae. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised. Keemia, Geoloogia / Известия Академии наук Эстонской ССР. Химия. Геология 16, 3, 238-249. DOI:10.3176/chem.geol.1967.3.08
Rõõmusoks, A. 1964. Some brachiopods from the Ordovician of Estonia. Tartu Riikliku Ülikooli Toimetised 153, II, 3-28.
Rubel, M. P. 1963. Silurian brachiopods Orthida of Estonia. ENSV TA Geoloogia Instituudi uurimused XIII, 109-160.
Rubel, M. P. 1962. Estonian Llandoverian Brachiopods of the superfamily Orthacea. ENSV TA Geoloogia Instituudi uurimused IX, 75-92.
Rubel, M. P. 1962. New species of brachiopods (Dalmanellidae) from the Llandoverian of Estonia. ENSV TA Geoloogia Instituudi uurimused X, 173-186.
Rubel, M. P. 1961. Lower-Ordovician brachiopods of the superfamilies Orthacea, Dalmanellacea and Syntrophiacea of Eastern Baltic. ENSV TA Geoloogia Instituudi uurimused VI, 141-226.
Oraspõld, A. L. 1959. Some representatives of the Superfamily Orthacea from the Upper Ordovician of Estonia. Tartu Riikliku Ülikooli Toimetised 75, I, 51-79.
Spjeldnæs, N. 1957. The Middle Ordovician of the Oslo Region, Norway: 9. Brachiopods of the family Porambonitidae. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 37, 1, 215-228.
Oraspõld, A. L. 1956. New brachiopods from the Jõhvi, Keila and Vasalemma stages. ENSV TA Geoloogia Instituudi uurimused I, 41-67.
Jaanusson, V. 1956. Untersuchungen über den oberordovizischen Lyckholm-Stufenkomplex in Estland. Bulletin of the Geological Institutions of the University of Uppsala 36, 369-400.
Schmidt, H. 1954. Sphaerirhynchia (Estonirynchia) estonica n. subgen. n. sp.. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 35, 3/4, 235-245.
Alichova, T. N. 1953. Rukovodâŝaâ fauna brahiopod ordovikskih otloženij severo-zapadnoj časti Russkoj platformy. pp. 1-163. Gosgeolizdat.
Alichova, T. N. 1951. Brahiopody srednej i verhnej časti nižnego silura Leningradskoj oblasti i ih stratigrafičeskoe značenie. pp. 1-71. Gosgeolizdat.
Öpik, A. 1939. Brachiopoden und Ostrakoden aus dem Expansusschiefer Norwegens. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 19, 117-142.
Öpik, A. 1934. Über Klitamboniten. Acta et Commentationes Universitatis Tartuensis XXVI, 5, 1-239. K. Mattiesen.
Öpik, A. 1933. Über einige Dalmanellacea aus Estland. Tartu Ülikooli Geoloogia Instituudi Toimetused 32, 1-25.
Heinrichson, T. 1932. Über Porambonites wahli n. sp., aus der ordovizischen Jõhvi-Stufe D1 Estlands. Eesti Loodusteaduse Arhiiv X, 3, 157-166. K. Mattieseni trükikoda.
Öpik, A. 1930. Brachiopoda Protremata der estländischen ordovizischen Kukruse-Stufe. Tartu Ülikooli Geoloogia Instituudi Toimetused 20, 1-261.
Öpik, A. 1930. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Kukruse-(C2-C3-)Stufe in Eesti. IV. Tartu Ülikooli Geoloogia Instituudi Toimetused 24, 1-34.
Öpik, A. 1927. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Kukruse-(C2-) Stufe in Eesti. II. Tartu Ülikooli Geoloogia Instituudi Toimetused 10, 1-35.
Bekker, H. 1924. Devon Irboska ümbruses: stratigraafia, fauna ja paleogeograafia. Eesti Loodusteaduse Arhiiv X, 1, 1-55. K. Mattiesen.
Bekker, H. 1921. The Kuckers stage of the Ordovician Rocks in NE Estonia. Acta et Commentationes Universitatis Tartuensis II, 1, 1-92.
Eichwald, E. 1861. Paleontologiâ Rossii. Drevnij period. II. Fauna grauvakkovoj, gornoizvestkovoj i medistoslancevatoj formacij Rossii. pp. 1-521. R. Golike (former Ya. Ionsona).
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Eichwald, E. 1856. Beitrag zur geographischen Verbreitung der fossilen Thiere Russlands. Alte Periode. (Fortsetzung). Bulletin of the Moscow Society of Naturalists. Geological series 29, II, 406-453.
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List of species
2. Alispira gracilis Nikiforova, 1961 | Juuru Stage
3. Anastrophia deflexa (Sowerby, 1839) | Wenlock
4. Anazyga gutta (Oraspõld, 1956) | Oandu Stage
6. Angusticardinia recta (Pander, 1830) | Hunneberg Stage
7. Angusticardinia striata (Pander, 1830) | Hunneberg Stage
10. Apatorthis jugata Öpik, 1933 | Lasnamägi Stage
13. Apatorthis ultima Öpik, 1933 | Pirgu Stage
14. Apheoorthina daunus (Walcott, 1905) | Billingen Stage
16. Atrypa (Atrypa affinis (J. Sowerby, 1822) | Wenlock
19. Atrypa (Atrypa) harknessi Alexander, 1949 | Wenlock
20. Atrypa (Atrypa) murchisoni Alexander, 1949 | Ludlow
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Classification
| Organism group | Biota |
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Brachiopoda |
| Subphylum | Rhynchonelliformea |
| Class | Chileata |
| Kutorginata | |
| Obolellata | |
| Rhynchonellata | |
| Order | Athyridida |
| Atrypida | |
| Orthida | |
| Pentamerida | |
| Protorthida | |
| Rhynchonellida | |
| Spiriferida | |
| Spiriferinida | |
| Terebratulida | |
| Thecideida | |
| Class | Strophomenata |
See also